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There are 41 Free Audio History book for Equador on Librivox. They contain 25,395 pages of text and are read in 423 hours, 15 minutes to read, which is 17 days, 15 hours, 15 minutes.
This Chapter page for France is 74.5 pages and takes 1 hour 8 minutes to read.
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1  History
17 15,330 9 days.
1  1888 Popular History of France from Earliest Times by Francois Guizot 1,555,000 4,622 78:23 2.57G 
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2  1880 History of Rise of Huguenots V1-2 by Baird, Henry 550,745W 2,203 36:43
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3  1921 Scaramouche
by Sabatini 1875-1950
258,000W 1,032 17:12:02 472M 
| 1 Republican |
| 2 Aristocrat |
| 3 Eloquence of
M. E Vilmorin |
| 4 Heritage |
| 5 Lord of Gavrillac |
| 6 Windmill |
| 7 Wind |
| 8 Omnes Omnibus |
| 9 Aftermath |
| 10 Trespassers |
| 11 Service of Thespis |
| 12 Comic Muse |
| 13 Exit Monsieur Parvissimus |
| 14 Enter Scaramouche |
| 15 Climene |
| 16 Conquest of Nantes |
| 17 Dream |
| 18 Awakening |
| 19 Contrition |
| 20 Fracas at Theater Faydau |
| 21 Transition |
| 22 Quos Deus Vult Perdere |
| 23 President le Chapelier |
| 24 At Meudon |
| 25 Madame de Plougastel |
| 26 Politicians |
| 27 Spadassinbicides |
| 28 Paladin of
3rd |
| 29 Torn Pride |
| 30 Returning Carriage |
| 31 Inferences |
| 32 Overwhelming
Reason |
| 33 Sanctuary |
| 34 Barrier |
| 35 Safe Conduct |
| 36 Sunrise. |
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4  Manners Customs Dress in Middle Ages & Rennaisance
by Paul Lacroix
256,500W 1,026 17:05:38 469M
| 1 Condition of Persons & Lands |
| 2 Privileges & Rights, Feudal & Municipal |
| 3 Private Life in Castles, Towns & Rural Districts |
| 4 Food & Cookery |
| 5 Hunting |
| 6 Games & Pastimes |
| 7 Commerce |
| 8 Guilds & Trade Corporations |
| 9 Taxes, Money & Finance |
| 10 Law & Administration of Justice |
| 11 Secret Tribunals |
| 12 Punishments |
| 13 Jews |
| 14 Gipsies |
| 15 Ceremonials |
| 16 Costumes. |
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5  Recollections on Joan of Arc by Mark Twain 230,000W 920 15:19:32 421M
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6  France in Nineteenth Century
By
Elizabeth Wormeley LATIMER 1822 - 1904
212,500W 850 14:09:06
| 1 Charles 10 & Days of July |
| 2 Louis Philippe & His Family |
| 3 Louis Napoleon's Early Career: Strasburg, Boulogne, Ham |
| 4 10 Years of Reign of Citizen King |
| 5 Some Causes of Revolution of 1848 |
| 6 Downfall of Louis Philippe |
| 7 Lamartine & 2nd Republic |
| 8 Coup d'État |
| 9 Emperor's Marriage |
| 10 Maximilian & Mexico |
| 11 Emperor & Empress at Summit of Prosperity |
| 12 1880 Paris: July, August & September |
| 13 Siege of Paris |
| 14 Prussians in France |
| 15 Commune |
| 16 Hostages |
| 17 Great Revenge |
| 18 Formation of 3rd Republic |
| 19 3 French Presidents |
| 20 General Boulanger. |
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7  Pre-1923 World's Best Histories - V7 France
by Guizot, M. (François), Witt,Madame de (Henriette Elizabeth)
188,001W 752 12:32
| 1 1799 - 1804 Consulate |
| 2 1804 - 5 Glory & Success |
| 3 1805 - 8 Glory & Conquest |
| 4 1804 - 8 Home Government |
| 5 Glory & Illusions. Spain & Austria |
| 6 1809 - 10 Divorce |
| 7 1811 - 2 Glory & Madness: Russian Campaign. |
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8  French History for English Children
by Caroline Emelia STEPHEN 1834 - 1909
180,750W 723 12:02:53
| 1 Ancient Gaul |
| 2 58 - 1 BC Caesar in Gaul |
| 3 70 BC - 250 AD Gaul a Roman Province |
| 4 300 Conquest of Gaul by Franks |
| 5 481 - 687 Merovingian Kings |
| 6 687 - 741 Mayors of Palace |
| 7 741 - 68 Carlovingians |
| 8 771 - 814 Charlemagne |
| 9 814 - 43 Descendants of Charlemagne |
| 10 843 - 987 Last Carlovingian Kings |
| 11 987 - 1031 Hugh Capet - Robert |
| 12 1031 - 60 Henry 1 |
| 13 1060 - 1108 Philip 1 |
| 14 1108 - 37 Louis 6 |
| 15 1137 - 80 Louis 7 |
| 16 1180 -1223 Philip 2 |
| 17 1223 - 6 Louis 8 |
| 18 1226 - 70 Louis 9 |
| 19 1270 - 86 Philip 3 |
| 20 1286 - 1314 Philip 4 |
| 21 1314 - 6 Louis 10 |
| 22 1316 - 22 Philip 5 |
| 23 1322 - 8 Charles 4 |
| 24 1328 - 50 Philip 6 |
| 25 1350 - 64 John |
| 26 1364 - 80 Charles 5 |
| 27 1389 - 1422 Charles 6 |
| 28 1422 - 61 Charles 7 |
| 29 1461 - 83 Louis 11 |
| 30 1483 - 98 Charles 8 |
| 31 1498 - 1515 Louis 12 |
| 32 1515 - 47 Francis 1 |
| 33 1547 - 59 Henry 2 |
| 34 1559 - 60 Francis 2 |
| 35 1560 - 74 Charles 9 |
| 36 1574 - 89 Henry 3 |
| 37 1589 - 1610 Henry 4 |
| 38 1610 - 43 Louis 13 |
| 39 1643 - 1715 Louis 14 |
| 40 1715 - 74 Louis 15 |
| 41 1789 - 92 Revolution |
| 42 1795 - 1800 Directory & Consulate |
| 43 1804 - 15 Emperor Napoleon. |
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9  1911 Religion of Ancient Celts by
MacCulloch, J. A. - Myth, Ritual & Religion - Volume 1
by Lang, Andrew
139,895W 560 9:20 $1
| 1 CELTIC PEOPLE |
| 2 GODS OF GAUL & CONTINENTAL CELTS |
| 3 IRISH MYTHOLOGICAL CYCLE |
| 4 TUATHA DÉ DANANN |
| 5 GODS OF BRYTHONS |
| 6 CÚCHULAINN CYCLE |
| 7 FIONN SAGA |
| 8 GODS & MEN |
| 9 CULT OF DEAD |
| 10 PRIMITIVE NATURE WORSHIP |
| 11 RIVER & WELL WORSHIP |
| 12 TREE & PLANT WORSHIP |
| 13 ANIMAL WORSHIP |
| 14 COSMOGONY |
| 15 SACRIFICE, PRAYER, & DIVINATION |
| 16 TABU |
| 17 FESTIVALS |
| 18 ACCESSORIES OF CULT |
| 19 DRUIDS |
| 20 MAGIC |
| 21 STATE OF DEAD |
| 22 REBIRTH & TRANSMIGRATION |
| 23 ELYSIUM. |
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10  1897 A History of French Literature Short Histories of Literatures of World 2 by Dowden, Edward 124,013W 496 8:16
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12  Historical Tales, Vol VI: French
by Charles MORRIS (1833 - 1922)
118,250W 473 7:52:09
| 1 Huns at Orleans |
| 2 Wooing of Clotilde |
| 3 Rival Queens |
| 4 Roland at Roncesvalles |
| 5 Charlemagne & Avars |
| 6 Crowning of Charlemagne |
| 7 Peter Hermit |
| 8 Commune of Laon |
| 9 How Big Ferre Fought for France |
| 10 Bertrand du Guesclin |
| 11 Joan of Arc, Maid of Orleans |
| 12 Career of a Knight-Errant |
| 13 Louis Politic & Charles Bold |
| 14 Charles Bold & Swiss |
| 15 Bayard, Good Knight |
| 16 Episodes in Life of a Traitor |
| 17 St. Bartholomew's Day |
| 18 King Henry of Navarre |
| 19 Murder of a King |
| 20 Richelieu & Conspirators |
| 21 Parliament of Paris |
| 22 Martyr to His Profession |
| 23 Man with Iron Mask |
| 24 Voltaire's Last Visit to Paris |
| 25 Diamond Necklace |
| 26 Fall of Bastille |
| 27 Story of Sainte Amoule |
| 28 Flight of King |
| 29 End of Terror |
| 30 Burning of Moscow |
| 31 Napoleon's Return from Elba |
| 32 Prussian War & Paris Commune. |
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11  1854-8 Essays in Literature & History
by Froude, James Anthony
123,799W 495 8:15
| 1 1854 Arnold's Poems |
| 2 1850 Words about Oxford |
| 3 1852 England's Forgotten Worthies |
| 4 1853 Book of Job |
| 5 1852 Lives of Saints |
| 6 1857 Dissolution of Monasteries |
| 7 1851 Philosophy of Christianity |
8 1863 Plea for Free Discussion of Theological Difficulties
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| 9 1855 Spinoza |
| 10 1852 Reynard Fox |
| 11 1858 Commonplace Book of Richard Hilles. |
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13  1902 Mississippi Bubble How Star of Good Fortune Rose & Set & Rose Again, by a Woman's Grace, for One John Law of Lauriston
by Emerson Hough & Henry Hutt
97,509W 390 6:30 $3
1
| 1 RETURNED TRAVELER |
| 2 AT SADLER'S WELLS |
| 3 JOHN LAW OF LAURISTON |
| 4 POINT OF HONOR |
| 5 DIVERS EMPLOYMENTS OF JOHN LAW |
| 6 RESOLUTION OF MR. LAW |
| 7 TWO MAIDS A-BROIDERING |
| 8 CATHARINE KNOLLYS |
| 9 IN SEARCH OF QUARREL |
| 10 RUMOR OF QUARREL |
| 11 AS CHANCE DECREED |
| 12 FOR FELONY |
| 13 MESSAGE |
| 14 PRISONERS |
| 15 IF THERE WERE NEED |
| 16 ESCAPE |
| 17 WHITHER |
|
2
| 1 DOOR OF WEST |
| 2 STORM |
| 3 AU LARGE |
| 4 PATHWAY OF WATERS |
| 5 MESSASEBE |
| 6 MAIZE |
| 7 BRINK OF CHANGE |
| 8 TOUS SAUVAGES |
| 9 DREAM |
| 10 BY HILT OF SWORD |
| 11 IROQUOIS |
| 12 PRISONERS OF IROQUOIS |
| 13 SACRIFICE |
| 14 EMBASSY |
| 15 GREAT PEACE |
|
3
| 1 GRAND MONARQUE |
| 2 EVER SAID SHE NAY |
| 3 SEARCH THOU MY HEART |
| 4 REGENT'S PROMISE |
| 5 A DAY OF MIRACLES |
| 6 GREATEST NEED |
| 7 MIRACLE UNWROUGHT |
| 8 LITTLE SUPPER OF REGENT |
| 9 NEWS |
| 10 MASTER & MAN |
| 11 BREAKING OF BUBBLE |
| 12 THAT WHICH REMAINED |
| 13 QUALITY OF MERCY. |
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15  1907 A Short History of France by Parmele, Mary Platt 53,110W 212 3:32
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15  1882 History of France
by Yonge, Charlotte Mary
34,321W 137 2:17 $1
| 1 EARLIER KINGS OF FRANCE 1 |
| 21 00 YEARS' WAR 25 |
| 3 STRUGGLE WITH BURGUNDY 43 |
| 4 ITALIAN WARS 52 |
| 5 WARS OF RELIGION 63 |
| 6 POWER OF CROWN 81 |
| 7 REVOLUTION 102 |
| 8 FRANCE SINCE REVOLUTION. |
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14  1840 On Heroes & Hero Worship & Heroic in History
by Carlyle, Thomas
92,273W 369 6:09 $1
| 1 DIVINITY: ODIN, PAGANISM & SCANDINAVIAN MYTHOLOGY |
| 2 PROPHET: MAHOMET & ISLAM |
| 3 POET: DANTE & SHAKSPEARE. |
| 4 PRIEST: LUTHER |
| 5 REFORMATION: KNOX & PURITANISM. |
| 6 MAN OF LETTERS: JOHNSON, ROUSSEAU & BURNS |
| 7 KING: CROMWELL |
| 8 NAPOLEON: MODERN REVOLUTIONISM. |
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17  1906 Celtic Religion in Pre-Christian Times
by Anwyl, Edward
17,546W 70 1:10
| 1 CELTS |
| 2 CHIEF PHASES OF CELTIC CIVILISATION |
| 3 CORRELATION OF CELTIC RELIGION WITH GROWTH OF CELTIC CIVILISATION |
| 4 RELIGION & DEVELOPMENT OF INDIVIDUALISED DEITIES |
| 5 HUMANISED GODS OF CELTIC RELIGION |
| 6 CELTIC PRIESTHOOD |
| 7 OTHER-WORLD. |
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19  1906 History of Napoleon Buonaparte by Lockhart, John Gibson 202,038W 808 13:28
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20  1825 History of Expedition to Russia Undertaken by Emperor Napoleon in Year 1812 by comte de, Philippe-Paul Ségur 198,810W 795 13:15
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21  1915 History of French Revolution from 1789 to 1814 by Mignet, M. (François-Auguste-Marie-Alexis) 163,044W 652 10:52
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22 1911 French Revolution
by Belloc
105,000W 420 6:59:48 192M
| 1 Political Theory of Revolution |
| 2 Roseau |
| 3 King Louis 16 |
| 4 Queen |
| 5 La Fayette, Dumoriez, Danton |
| 6 Carno, Marat, Robospierre |
| 7 Phases of Revolution |
| 8 Military Aspect of Revolution |
| 9 Revolution & Catholic Church. |
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23 1909 French Revolution A Short History
by Johnston, R. M. (Robert Matteson)
59,753W 239 3:59
| 1 PERSPECTIVE OF FRENCH REVOLUTION |
| 2 VERSAILLES |
| 3 ECONOMIC CRISIS |
| 4 CONVOCATION OF STATES GENERAL |
| 5 FRANCE COMES TO VERSAILLES |
| 6 FROM VERSAILLES TO PARIS 70 |
| 7 ASSEMBLY DEMOLISHES PRIVILEGE |
| 8 FLIGHT TO VARENNES |
| 9 WAR BREAKS OUT |
| 10 MASSACRE |
| 11 ENDING MONARCHY |
| 12 FALL OF GIRONDE |
| 13 REIGN OF TERROR |
| 14 THERMIDOR |
| 15 LAST DAYS OF CONVENTION |
| 16 DIRECTOIRE |
17 ART & LITERATURE.
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24  1834 Memoirs of Napoleon, Vol. 1
by
Louis Antoine Fauvelet de BOURRIENNE 1769 - 1834
53,000W 212 3:31:46
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25  1900 Marie Antoinette & Downfall of Royalty
by Imbert de SAINT-AMAND 1834 - 1900, translated by Elizabeth G. MARTIN 1837 - ?
167,500W 670 11:09:13
| 1 1792 Paris at Beginning of |
| 2 Count de Fersen's Last Journey to Paris |
| 3 Death of Emperor Leopold |
| 4 Death of Gustavus 3 |
| 5 Beginnings of Madame Roland |
| 6 Madame Roland's Entrance on Scene |
| 7 Marie Antoinette & Madame Roland |
| 8 Madame Roland at Ministry of Interior |
| 9 Dumouriez, Minister Of Foreign Affairs |
| 10 Council of Ministers |
| 11 Fête of Swiss Of Chateauvieux |
| 12 Declaration of War |
| 13 Disbanding Of Constitutional Guard |
| 14 Sufferings of Louis 16 |
| 15 Roland's Dismissal from Office |
| 16 3 Days' Ministry |
| 17 Prologue to June 20 |
| 18 Morning of June 12 |
| 19 Invasion of Tuileries |
| 20 Marie Antoinette on June 20 |
| 21 Morrow of June 20 |
| 22 Lafayette in Paris |
| 23 Lamourette Kiss |
| 24 Féte of Federation In 1792 |
| 25 Last Days at Tuileries |
| 26 Prologue to August 10 |
| 27 Night of August 9 - 10 |
| 28 Morning of August 10 |
| 29 Box of Logograph |
| 30 Combat |
| 31 Results of Combat |
| 32 Royal-Family in Convent of Feuillants |
| 33 Temple |
| 34 Princess de Lamballe's Murder |
| 35 September Massacres |
| 36 Madame Roland during Massacres |
| 37 Proclamation of Republic. |
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26  1910 With Frederick Great A Story of Seven Years' War
by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty & Walter Paget
127,253W 509 8:08
| 1 King & Marshal |
| 2 Joining |
| 3 Outbreak Of War |
| 4 Promotion |
| 5 Lobositz |
| 6 A Prisoner |
| 7 Flight |
| 8 Prague |
| 9 In Disguise |
| 10 Rossbach |
| 11 Leuthen |
| 12 Another Step |
| 13 Hochkirch |
| 14 Breaking Prison |
| 15 Escaped |
| 16 At Minden |
| 17 Unexpected News |
| 18 Engaged |
| 19 Liegnitz |
| 20 Torgau |
| 21 Home. |
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27  1904 Louis 14 Makers of History Series
by Abbott, John Stevens Cabot
77,512W 310 5:10
| 1 BIRTH & CHILDHOOD |
| 2 BOY-KING |
| 3 MATRIMONIAL PROJECTS |
| 3 MARRIAGE OF KING |
| 4 FESTIVITIES OF COURT |
| 5 DEATH IN PALACE |
| 6 WAR IN HOLLAND |
| 7 MADAME DE MAINTENON |
| 8 REVOCATION OF EDICT OF NANTES |
| 9 SECRET MARRIAGE |
| 10 INTRIGUES & WARS |
| 11 LAST DAYS OF LOUIS 14. |
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28 1902 Joseph Bonaparte Makers of History
by Abbott, John S. C.
(John Stevens Cabot)
76,258W 305 5:05
| 1 SCENES IN EARLY LIFE |
| 2 DIPLOMATIC LABORS |
| 3 JOSEPH PEACE-MAKER |
| 4 JOSEPH KING OF NAPLES |
| 5 CROWN A BURDEN |
| 6 SPANISH PRINCES |
| 7 JOSEPH KING OF SPAIN |
| 8 SPANISH CAMPAIGN OF NAPOLEON |
| 9 WAR IN SPAIN CONTINUED |
| 10 EXPULSION FROM SPAIN |
| 11 LIFE IN EXILE |
| 12 LAST DAYS & DEATH. |
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29  1904 Louis Philippe Makers of History Series
by Abbott, John S. C. (John Stevens Cabot)
75,481W 302 5:02
| 1 ORIGIN OF HOUSE OF ORLEANS |
| 2 EXILE |
| 3 WANDERINGS IN OLD WORLD & NEW |
| 4 TOMB & BRIDAL |
| 5 RESTORATION |
| 6 DEATH OF LOUIS 18 & REIGN OF
CHARLES 10 |
| 7 CHARLES 10 DETHRONED |
| 8 STRUGGLES OF DIPLOMACY |
| 9 LOUIS PHILIPPE'S THRONE |
| 10 ADVENTURES OF DUCHESS DE BERRI |
| 11 FINAL STRUGGLE |
| 12 THRONE DEMOLISHED. |
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30  1904 Josephine Makers of History
by Abbott, John Stevens Cabot
66,578W 266 4:26
| 1 LIFE IN MARTINIQUE |
| 2 MARRIAGE OF JOSEPHINE |
| 3 ARREST OF M. BEAUHARNAIS & JOSEPHINE |
| 4 SCENES IN PRISON |
| 5 RELEASE FROM PRISON |
| 6 JOSEPHINE IN ITALY |
| 7 JOSEPHINE AT MALMAISON |
| 8 JOSEPHINE WIFE OF 1ST CONSUL |
| 9 DEVELOPMENTS OF CHARACTER |
| 10 CORONATION |
| 11 JOSEPHINE AN EMPRESS |
| 12 DIVORCE & LAST DAYS. |
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31  1901 Maria Antoinette Makers of History
by Abbott, John S. C. (John Stevens Cabot), 1805-1877
63,334W 253 4:13 $1
| 1 PARENTAGE & CHILDHOOD |
| 2 BRIDAL DAYS |
| 3 MARIA ANTOINETTE ENTHRONED |
| 4 DIAMOND NECKLACE |
| 5 MOB AT VERSAILLES |
| 6 PALACE A PRISON |
| 7 FLIGHT |
| 8 RETURN TO PARIS |
| 9 IMPRISONMENT IN TEMPLE |
| 10 EXECUTION OF KING |
| 11 TRIAL & EXECUTION OF MARIA ANTOINETTE |
| 12 PRINCESS ELIZABETH, DAUPHIN, & PRINCESS ROYAL. |
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32  1904 Madame Roland, Makers of History
by Abbott, John S. C. (John Stevens Cabot)
61,479W 246 4:06
| 1 CHILDHOOD |
| 2 YOUTH |
| 3 MAIDENHOOD |
| 4 MARRIAGE |
| 5 NATIONAL ASSEMBLY |
| 6 MINISTRY OF M. ROLAND |
| 7 MADAME ROLAND & JACOBINS |
| 8 LAST STRUGGLE OF GIRONDISTS |
| 9 ARREST OF MADAME ROLAND |
| 10 FATE OF GIRONDISTS |
| 11 PRISON LIFE |
| 12 TRIAL & EXECUTION OF MADAME ROLAND. |
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33  883 Charlemagne
by Notker 840 - 912 Translated by Reinhardt
39,000W 156 2:36:03 71.4M
1
| 1 Merovingian Family |
| 2 Charlemagne's Ancestors |
| 3 Charlemagne's Accession |
| 4 Plan of This Work |
| 5 Aquitanian War |
| 6 Lombard War |
| 7 Saxon War |
| 8 Spanish Expedition |
| 9 Submission of Bretons & Beneventans |
| 10 Tassilo & Bavarian Campaign |
| 11 Slavic War |
| 12 War with Huns |
| 13 Danish War |
| 14 Extent of Charlemagne's Conquests |
| 15 Foreign Relations |
| 16 Public Works |
|
2
| 1 Private Life |
| 2 Conspiracies Against Charlemagne |
| 3 Charlemagne's Treatment of Foreigners |
| 4 Personal Appearance, Dress, Habits |
| 5 Studies |
| 6 Piety |
| 7 Generosity |
| 8 Charlemagne Crowned Emperor |
| 9 Reforms |
| 10 Coronation of Louis, Charlemagne's Death |
| 11 Burial, Omens of Death, Will. |
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34  1850 Phantom World or, philosophy of spirits, apparitions, &c, &c. by Calmet, Augustin 199,011W 796 13:16
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35  1922 Modern French Philosophy: a Study of Development Since Comte
by Gunn, John Alexander
11,230W 45 45Min.
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36  1873 Auguste Comte & Positivism
by
MILL
87,000W 348 5:47:12
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38  1912 A New Philosophy: Henri Bergson
by Le Roy, Edouard Louis Emmanuel Julien
49,557W 198 3:18
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2 ADDITIONAL EXPLANATIONS
| 1 Mr Bergson's Work & General Directions of Contemporary Thought |
| 2 Immediacy |
| 3 Theory of Perception |
| 4 Critique of Language |
| 5 Problem of Consciousness. Duration & Liberty |
| 6 Problem of Evolution: Life & Matter |
| 7 Problem of Knowledge: Analysis & Intuition. |
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40 /32px/Icon_Philosophy.png) 1644 Selections from Principles of Philosophy
by Descartes, René
33,809W 135 2:15.
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41  Law
by Frederic Bastiat & Seedbox Classics
22,750W 91 1:31 $1
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18 French Revolution by Carlyle, Thomas 307,543W 1230 20:30
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1 Popular History of France from Earliest Times by Francois Guizot 1,555,000 4,622 78:23 2.57G
1 Gaul to Crusades
184,000W 736 12:15:41 336M
| 1 Gaul |
| 2 Gauls |
| 3 Gauls out of Gaul |
| 4 Romans in Gaul |
| 5 Gaul Conquered by Julius Caesar |
| 6 Gaul under Roman Dominion |
| 7 Establishment of Christianity in Gaul |
| 8 Germans in Gaul |
| 9 Franks & Clovis |
| 10 Merovingians |
| 11 Mayors of Palace |
| 12 Pepins & Change of Dynasty |
| 13 Charlamagne & his Wars |
| 14 Decay & Fall of Carlovingians |
15 Feudal France & Hugh Capet
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| 16 Capetians to Time of Crusades |
| 17 Conquest of England by Normans |
| 18 Crusades, Their Origin & Success |
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2 100 yrs war to Charles 5
202,750W 811 13:30:06 370M
| 1 Crusades, Their Decline & End |
| 2 Kingship in France |
| 3 Communes & 3rd Estate |
| 4 100 Years War, Philip 6, John 2 |
| 5 States General of 14th Century |
| 6 100 years War, Charles 5 |
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3
187,250W 749 12:28:33 342M
| 1 100 yrs War, Charles 6 & Dukes of Burgundy |
| 2 Charles 6 & Joan of Arc |
| 3 1461 - 83 Louis 11 |
| 4 Wars of Italy, 1483 - 98 Charles 8 |
| 5 Wars of Italy, 1498 - 1515 Louis 12 |
|
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4
247,250W 989 16:28:24 452M
| 1 1574 - 89 Henry 3 &Religious Wars |
| 2 Francis 1 & Charles 5 |
| 3 Francis 1 & Renaissance |
| 4 Francis 1 & Reformation |
| 5 1547 - 59 Henry 2 |
| 6 1559 - 60 Francis 1 |
| 7 1560 - 74 Charles 9 & Religious Wars |
| 8 1574 - 89 Henry 3 & Religious Wars |
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5
334,250W 1,337 22:16:42 1.1G
1 Henry 4
| 1 Protestant King |
| 2 Catholic King |
|
2 Regency of Mari de Medici |
3 Louis 13
| 1 Cardinal Richelieu, & Court |
| 2 Cardinal Richelieu, Catholics & Protestants |
| 3 Cardinal Richelieu & Foreign affairs |
|
4 Louis 14
| 1 Richelieu & Literature |
| 2 Fronde, Cardinal Marazin |
| 3 His Wars & His Conquests |
| 4 His Wars & His Reverses |
| 5 Home Administration |
| 6 Religion |
| 7 Literature & Art. |
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2 History of Rise of Huguenots V1-2 by Baird, Henry 550,745W 2,203 36:43  V1 V2
1 248,106W 992 16:30
1
| 1 1500s France |
| 2 Extent at Accession of Francis 1 |
| 3 Gradual Territorial Growth |
| 4 900s Subdivision |
| 5 Destruction of Feudal System |
| 6 Foremost Kingdom of Christendom |
| 7 Assimilation of Manners & Language |
| 8 Growth & Importance of Paris |
| 9 Military Strength |
| 10 Rights of People overlooked |
| 11 States General not convoked |
| 12 Unmurmuring Endurance of Tiers État |
| 13 Absolutism of Crown |
| 14 Partial Checks |
| 15 Parliament of Paris |
| 16 Other Parliaments |
| 17 Parliaments claim Right of Remonstrance |
| 18 Abuses in Parliament of Bordeaux |
| 19 Origin & Growth of University |
| 20 Faculty of Theology, or Sorbonne |
| 21 Its Authority & Narrowness |
| 22 Multitude of Students |
| 23 Credit of Clergy |
| 24 Liberties of Gallican Church |
| 25 1268 Pragmatic Sanction of. St. Louis |
| 26 Conflict of Philip Fair with Boniface 8 |
| 27 "Babylonish Captivity |
| 28 1438 Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges |
| 29 Rejoicing at Council of Basle |
| 30 Louis 11 undertakes to abrogate Pragmatic Sanction |
| 31 But subsequently re-enacts it in part |
| 32 Louis 12. publishes it anew |
| 33 Francis 1 sacrifices Interests of Gallican Church |
| 34 Concordat between Leo 10 & French King |
| 35 Dissatisfaction of Clergy |
| 36 Struggle with Parliament of Paris |
| 37 Opposition |
| 38 Patronage of King |
| 39 "Renaissance" |
| 40 Francis's Acquirements overrated |
| 41 His Munificent Patronage of Art |
| 42 Collége Royal, or "Trilingue" |
| 43 Age of Blood |
| 44 Barbarous Punishment for Crime |
| 45 & not less for Heresy |
| 46 Belief in Judicial Astrology |
| 47 Predictions of Nostradamus |
| 48 Reverence for Relics |
| 49 For Consecrated Wafer |
| 50 Internal Condition of Clergy |
| 51 Number & Wealth of Cardinals |
| 52 Non-residence of Prelates |
| 53 Revenues of Clergy |
| 54 Vice & Hypocrisy |
| 55 Brantôme's Account of Clergy before Concordat |
| 56 Aversion to Use of French Language |
| 57 Indecent Processions: "Processions Blanches" |
| 58 Monastic Orders held in Contempt |
| 59 Protests against prevailing Corruption |
| 60 "Cathari," or Albigenses |
| 61 Nicholas de Clemangis |
| 62 John Gerson |
| 63 Jean Bouchet's "Deploration of Church" |
| 64 1500s Changes in Boundaries of France |
|
|
2 1512 - 25
| 1 Reformation in Meaux |
| 2 Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples |
| 3 Restores Letters to France |
| 4 Wide Range of his Studies |
| 5 Guillaume Farel, his Pupil |
| 6 Devotion of Teacher & Scholar |
| 7 1512 Lefèvre publishes a Latin Commentary on Pauline Epistles |
| 8 1518 Enters into Controversy with Natalis Beda |
| 9 1521 Sorbonne's Declaration |
| 10 Briçonnet, Bishop of Meaux |
| 11 His 1st Reformatory Efforts |
| 12 Invites Lefèvre & Farel to Meaux |
| 13 Effects of Preaching of Roussel & others |
| 14 De Roma's Threat |
| 15 1523 Lefèvre publishes Translation of New Testament |
| 16 Results surpass Expectation |
| 17 Bishop Briçonnet's Weakness |
| 18 Forbids "Lutheran" Doctors to preach |
| 19 Lefèvre & Roussel take Refuge in Strasbourg |
| 20 Jean Leclerc whipped & branded |
| 21 His barbarous Execution at Metz |
| 22 Pauvan burned on Place de Grève |
| 23 Hermit of Livry |
| 24 Briçonnet becomes a Jailer of "Lutherans |
| 25 1525 Lefèvre's Writings condemned by Sorbonne |
| 26 He becomes Tutor of Prince Charles |
| 27 Librarian at Blois |
| 28 Ends his Days at Nérac |
| 29 His Mental Anguish |
| 30 Michel d'Arande & Gérard Roussel |
|
|
3 1523 - 5
| 1 Francis 1 & Margaret of Angoulême: Early Reformatory Movements & Struggles |
| 2 Francis 1 & Margaret of Angoulême |
| 3 King's Chivalrous Disposition |
| 4 Appreciates Literary Excellence |
| 5 Contrast with Charles 5 |
| 6 His Religious Convictions |
| 7 His Fear of Innovation |
| 8 His Loose Morality |
| 9 Margaret's Scholarly Attainments |
| 10 Her Personal Appearance |
| 11 Her Participation in Public Affairs |
| 12 Her 1st Marriage to Duke of Alençon |
| 13 Obtains Safe-Conduct to visit her Brother |
| 14 Her Second Marriage, to Henry, King of Navarre |
| 15 Bishop Briçonnet's Mystic Correspondence |
| 16 Luther's Teachings solemnly condemned by University |
| 17 Melanchthon's Defence |
| 18 Regency of Louise de Savoie |
| 19 1523 Sorbonne suggests Means of extirpating "Lutheran Doctrines" |
| 20 Wide Circulation of Luther's Treatises |
| 21 François Lambert, of Avignon |
| 22 Life among Franciscans |
| 23 Lambert, 1st French Monk to embrace Reformation |
| 24 He is also 1st to Marry |
| 25 Jean Châtellain at Metz |
| 26 Wolfgang Schuch at St. Hippolyte |
| 27 Farel at Montbéliard |
| 28 Pierre Caroli lectures on Psalms |
| 29 Heptameron of Queen of Navarre |
|
|
4 1525 - 33
| 1 Increased Severity: Louis de Berquin |
| 2 Captivity of Francis 1 |
| 3 Change in Religious Policy of Louise |
| 4 A Commission appointed to try "Lutherans" |
| 5 Inquisition heretofore jealously watched |
| 6 Commission indorsed by Clement 7 |
| 7 Its Powers enlarged by Bull |
| 8 Character of Louis de Berquin |
| 9 He becomes warm Partisan of Reformation |
| 10 1523 1st Imprisonment |
| 11 Released by Order of King |
| 12 Advice of Erasmus |
| 13 1526 2nd Imprisonment |
| 14 Francis from Madrid again orders his Release |
| 15 Dilatory Measures of Parliament |
| 16 Margaret of Angoulême's Hopes |
| 17 Francis violates his Pledges to Charles 5 |
| 18 Must conciliate Pope & Clergy |
| 19 Promises to prove himself "Very Christian |
| 20 1528 Council of Sens |
| 21 Cardinal Duprat |
| 22 Vigorous Measures to suppress Reformation |
| 23 Councils of Bourges & Lyons |
| 24 Financial Help bought by Persecution |
| 25 Insult to Image & Expiatory Procession |
| 26 Other Iconoclastic Excesses |
| 27 Berquin's 3rd Arrest |
| 28 His Condemnation to Penance, Branding, & Perpetual Imprisonment |
| 29 He Appeals |
| 30 Is suddenly Sentenced to Death & Executed |
| 31 Francis Treats with Germans |
| 32 & with Henry 8. of England |
| 33 Francis meets Clement at Marseilles |
| 34 Marriage of Henry of Orleans to Catharine de' Medici |
| 35 Francis Refuses to join in general Scheme for Extermination of Heresy |
| 36 Execution of Jean de Caturce, at Toulouse |
| 37 Le Coq's Evangelical Sermon |
| 38 Margaret attacked at College of Navarre |
| 39 Her "Miroir de l'Ame Pécheresse" condemned |
| 40 Rector Cop's Address to University |
| 41 Calvin, real Author, seeks Safety in Flight |
| 42 Rough Answer of Francis to Bernese |
| 43 Royal Letter to Bishop of Paris |
| 44 Elegies on Louis de Berquin |
|
|
5 1534 - 5
| 1 Melanchthon's Attempt at Conciliation, & Year of Placards |
| 2 Hopes of Reunion in Church |
| 3 Melanchthon & Du Bellay |
| 4 Plan of Reconciliation |
| 5 Its Extreme Concessions |
| 6 Makes Favorable Impression on Francis |
| 7 Indiscreet Partisans of Reform |
| 8 Placards & Pasquinades |
| 9 Féret's Mission to Switzerland |
| 10 Placard against Mass |
| 11 1534 Excitement produced in Paris |
| 12 Copy posted on Door of Royal Bedchamber |
| 13 Anger of Francis at Insult |
| 14 Political Considerations |
| 15 Margaret of Navarre's Entreaties |
| 16 1535 Francis Abolishes Art of Printing |
| 17 Rash & Shameful Edict Recalled |
| 18 Rigid Investigation & many Victims |
| 19 1535 Expiatory Procession |
| 20 King's Speech at Episcopal Palace |
| 21 Constancy of Victims |
| 22 Estrapade |
| 23 Flight of Clément Marot & others |
| 24 1535 Royal Declaration of Coucy |
| 25 Alleged Intercession of Pope Paul 3 |
| 26 Clemency again dictated by Policy |
| 27 Francis's Letter to German Princes |
| 28 Sturm & Voré beg Melanchthon to come |
| 29 Melanchthon's Perplexity |
| 30 He is formally invited by King |
| 31 Applies to Elector for Permission to go |
| 32 But is roughly refused |
| 33 Proposed Conference reprobated by Sorbonne |
| 34 Du Bellay at Smalcald |
| 35 He makes for Francis a Protestant Confession |
| 36 Efforts of French Protestants in Switzerland & Germany |
| 37 Intercession of Strasbourg, Basle, etc. |
| 38 Unsatisfactory Reply by Anne de Montmorency |
|
|
6 1535 - 45
| 1 Calvin & Geneva, More Systematic Persecution by King |
| 2 Changed Attitude of Francis |
| 3 Occasioned by "Placards" |
| 4 Margaret of Navarre & Roussel |
| 5 French Reformation becomes Popular Movement |
| 6 Independence of Geneva secured by Francis |
| 7 John Calvin's Childhood |
| 8 He studies in Paris & Orleans |
| 9 Change of Religious Views at Bourges |
| 10 His Commentary on Seneca's "De Clementia |
| 11 Escapes from Paris to Angoulême |
| 12 Leaves France |
| 13 "Christian Institutes |
| 14 Address to Francis 1 |
| 15 Calvin wins instant Celebrity |
| 16 Court of Renée of Ferrara |
| 17 Her History & Character |
| 18 Calvin's alleged Visit to Aosta |
| 19 He visits Geneva |
| 20 Farel's Vehemence |
| 21 Calvin consents to remain |
| 22 His Code of Laws for Geneva |
| 23 His View of Functions of State |
| 24 Heretics to be constrained by Sword |
| 25 Calvin's View that of other Reformers |
| 26 & even of Protestant Martyrs |
| 27 Calvin longs for Scholarly Quiet |
| 28 His Mental Constitution |
| 29 Ill-health & Prodigious Labors |
| 30 Friendly & Inimical Estimates |
| 31 Violent Persecutions throughout France |
| 32 1540 Royal Edict of Fontainebleau |
| 33 Increased Severity, & Appeal cut off |
| 34 Exceptional Fairness of President Caillaud |
| 35 1542 Letters-Patent from Lyons |
| 36 King & Sacramentarians |
| 37 1543 Ordinance of Paris |
| 38 Heresy to be punished as Sedition |
| 39 Repression proves a Failure |
| 40 Sorbonne publishes 25 Articles |
| 41 1543 Francis gives them Force of Law |
| 42 More Systematic Persecution |
| 43 Inquisitor Mathieu Ory |
| 44 Nicodemites & Libertines |
| 45 Margaret of Navarre at Bordeaux |
| 46 Francis's Negotiations in Germany |
| 47 Hypocritical Representations made by Charles, Duke of Orleans |
|
|
7 1545 - 7
| 1 Campaign against Vaudois of Mérindol & Cabrières, & Last Days of Francis 1 |
2 Vaudois of Durance |
| 3 Their Industry & Thrift |
| 4 Embassy to German & Swiss Reformers |
| 5 Translation of Bible by Olivetanus |
| 6 Preliminary Persecutions |
| 7 Parliament of Aix |
| 8 1540 Atrocious "Arrêt de Mérindol" |
| 9 Condemned by Public Opinion |
| 10 Preparations to carry it into Effect |
| 11 President Chassanée & Mice of Autun |
| 12 King instructs Du Bellay to investigate |
| 13 A Favorable Report |
| 14 Francis's Letter of Pardon |
| 15 Parliament's Continued Severity |
| 16 Vaudois publish Confession |
| 17 Intercession of Protestant Princes of Germany |
| 18 new President of Parliament |
| 19 1545 Sanguinary Royal Order, fraudulently obtained |
| 20 Expedition stealthily organized |
| 21 Villages burned, their Inhabitants murdered |
| 22 Destruction of Mérindol |
| 23 Treacherous Capture of Cabrières |
| 24 Women burned & Men butchered |
| 25 22 Towns & Villages destroyed |
| 26 A subsequent Investigation |
| 27 "14 of Meaux |
| 28 Wider Diffusion of Reformed Doctrines |
| 29 Printer Jean Chapot before Parliament |
|
11 1560 - 1
| 1 Reign of Charles 9 to Preliminaries of Colloquy of Poissy |
| 2 Sudden Change in Political Situation |
| 3 Enemy of Huguenots buried as a Huguenot |
| 4 Antoine of Navarre's Opportunity |
| 5 Adroitness of Catharine de' Medici |
| 6 Financial Embarrassments |
| 7 Catharine's Neutrality |
| 8 Opening of States General of Orleans |
| 9 Address of Chancellor L'Hospital |
| 10 Cardinal Lorraine's Effrontery |
| 11 De Rochefort, Orator for Noblesse |
| 12 L'Ange for Tiers État |
| 13 Arrogant Speech of Quintin for Clergy |
| 14 A Word poor, down-trodden People |
| 15 Coligny presents a Huguenot Petition |
| 16 States prorogued |
| 17 Meanwhile Prosecutions for Religion to cease |
| 18 Return of Fugitives |
| 19 Charles writes to stop Ministers from Geneva |
| 20 Reply of Genevese |
| 21 Condé cleared & reconciled with Guise |
| 22 Humiliation of Navarre |
| 23 Boldness of Particular Estates of Paris |
| 24 Secures Antoine more Consideration |
| 25 Intrigue of Artus Désiré |
| 26 General Curiosity to hear Huguenot Preaching |
| 27 Constable Montmorency's Disgust |
| 28 "Triumvirate" formed |
| 29 A Spurious Statement |
| 30 Massacres of Protestants in Holy Week |
| 31 Affair at Beauvais |
| 32 Assault on House of M. de Longjumeau |
| 33 New & Tolerant Royal Order |
| 34 Opposition of Parisian Parliament |
| 35 Popular Cry for Pastors |
| 36 Moderation of Huguenot Ministers |
| 37 Judicial Perplexity |
| 38 "Mercuriale" of 1561 |
| 39 "Edict of July" |
| 40 Its Severity creates extreme Disappointment |
| 41 Iconoclasm at Montauban |
| 42 Impatience with Public "Idols" |
| 43 Calvin endeavors to repress it |
| 44 Re-assembling of States at Pontoise |
| 45 Able Harangue of "Vierg" of Autun |
| 46 Written Demands of Tiers État |
| 47 Representative Government demanded |
| 48 French Prelates at Poissy |
| 49 Beza & Peter Martyr invited to France |
| 50 Urgency of Parisian Huguenots |
| 51 Beza comes to St. Germain |
| 52 His previous History |
| 53 Wrangling of Prelates |
| 54 Cardinal Châtillon communes "under both Forms |
| 55 Catharine & L'Hospital zealous for a Settlement of Religious Questions |
| 56 Remarkable Letter to Pope |
| 57 Beza's flattering Reception |
| 58 He meets Cardinal of Lorraine |
| 59 Petition of Huguenots respecting Colloquy |
| 60 Informally granted |
| 61 Last Efforts of Sorbonne to prevent Colloquy |
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|
8 1547 - 59
| 1 Henry 2 & Organization of French Protestant Churches |
| 2 Impartial Estimates of Francis 1 |
| 3 Henry, as Duke of Orleans |
| 4 His Sluggish Mind |
| 5 His Court |
| 6 Diana of Poitiers |
| 7 King's Infatuation |
| 8 Constable Anne de Montmorency |
| 9 His Cruelty |
| 10 Disgraced by Francis, but recalled by Henry |
| 11 Duke Claude of Guise, & John, first Cardinal of Lorraine |
| 12 Marriage of James 5 of Scotland to Mary of Lorraine |
| 13 Francis Dauphin affianced to Mary of Scots |
| 14 Francis of Guise & Charles of Lorraine |
| 15 Various Estimates of Cardinal Charles of Lorraine |
| 16 Rapacity of new Favorites |
| 17 Servility toward Diana of Poitiers |
| 18 Persecution to atone for Moral Blemishes |
| 19 "La Chambre Ardente |
| 20 1547 Edict of Fontainebleau against Books from Geneva |
| 21 Deceptive Title-pages |
| 22 Tailor of Rue St. Antoine |
| 23 Other Victims of Intolerance |
| 24 Severe Edicts & Quarrels with Rome |
| 25 1551 Edict of Châteaubriand |
| 26 War against Books from Geneva |
| 27 Marshal Vieilleville refuses to profit by Confiscation |
| 28 "5 Scholars of Lausanne |
| 29 Interpositions in their Behalf ineffectual |
| 30 Activity of Canton of Berne |
| 31 Progress of Reformation in Normandy |
| 32 Attempt to establish Spanish Inquisition |
| 33 Opposition of Parliament |
| 34 President Séguier's Speech |
| 35 Coligny's Scheme of American Colonization |
| 36 Villegagnon in Brazil |
| 37 He brings Ruin on Expedition |
| 38 First Protestant Church in Paris |
| 39 Example followed in Provinces |
| 40 Henry Second breaks Truce |
| 41 Fresh Attempts to introduce Spanish Inquisition |
| 42 3 Inquisitors-General |
| 43 Judges sympathize with Victims |
| 44 1557 Edict of Compiègne |
| 45 1557 Defeat of St. Quentin |
| 46 Vengeance wreaked upon Protestants |
| 47 1557 Affair of Rue St. Jacques |
| 48 Treatment of Prisoners |
| 49 Malicious Rumors |
| 50 Trials & Executions |
| 51 Intercession of Swiss Cantons & Others |
| 52 Constancy of Some & Release of Others |
| 53 Controversial Pamphlets |
| 54 1558 Capture of Calais |
| 55 Registry of Inquisition Edict |
| 56 Antoine of Navarre, Condé, & other Princes favor Protestants |
| 57 Embassy of Protestant Electors |
| 58 Psalm-singing on Pré aux Clercs |
| 59 Conference of Cardinals Lorraine & Granvelle |
| 60 D'Andelot's Examination before King |
| 61 His Constancy in Prison & temporary Weakness |
| 62 Paul 4's Indignation at King's Leniency |
| 63 Anxiety for Peace |
| 64 1559 Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis |
| 65 Sacrifice of French Interests |
| 66 Was there a Secret Treaty for Extermination of Protestants? |
| 67 Prince of Orange learns Designs of Henry & Philip |
| 68 Danger of Geneva |
| 69 Suspected of Heretical Leanings |
| 70 "Mercuriale" |
| 71 1559 Henry goes in Person to hear Deliberations |
| 72 Fearlessness of Du Bourg & Others |
| 73 Henry orders their Arrest |
| 74 1559 1st National Synod |
| 75 Ecclesiastical Discipline adopted |
| 76 Marriages & Festivities of Court |
| 77 1559 Henry mortally wounded in Tournament |
| 78 1559 His Death |
| 79 "La Façon de Genève": Protestant Service |
| 80 1533 Farel's "Manière et Fasson" |
| 81 1542 Calvin's Liturgy |
|
|
9 1559 - 60
| 1 Francis 2 & Tumult of Amboise |
| 2 Epigrams on Death of Henry |
| 3 Young King |
| 4 Catharine de' Medici |
| 5 Favors Family of Guise |
| 6 Who make themselves Masters of King |
| 7 Constable Montmorency retires |
| 8 Antoine, King of Navarre |
| 9 His Remissness & Pusillanimity |
| 10 Persecution continues |
| 11 Denunciation & Pillage at Paris |
| 12 Protestants address Catharine |
| 13 Pretended Orgies in "La Petite Genève |
| 14 Cruelty of Populace |
| 15 Traps for Heretics |
| 16 Trial of Anne du Bourg |
| 17 Intercession of Elector Palatine |
| 18 Du Bourg's Last Speech |
| 19 His Execution & its Effect |
| 20 Florimond de Ræmond's Observations |
| 21 Revulsion against Tyranny of Guises |
| 22 Calvin & Beza discountenance Armed Resistance |
| 23 De la Renaudie |
| 24 Assembly of Malcontents at Nantes |
| 25 Plans well devised |
| 26 Betrayed by Des Avenelles |
| 27 "Tumult of Amboise |
| 28 Coligny gives Catharine good Counsel |
| 29 1560 Edict of Amnesty |
| 30 Year's Progress |
| 31 Confusion at Court |
| 32 Treacherous Capture of Castelnau |
| 33 Death of La Renaudie |
| 34 Plenary Commission given to Duke of Guise |
| 35 Carnival of Blood |
| 36 Elder D'Aubigné & his Son |
| 37 Francis & Prince of Condé |
| 38 Condé's Defiance |
| 39 An alleged Admission of Disloyal Intentions by La Renaudie |
|
12 1561 - 2
| 1 Colloquy of Poissy & Edict of January |
| 2 Huguenot Ministers & Delegates |
| 3 Assembled Princes in Nuns' Refectory |
| 4 Prelates |
| 5 Diffidence of Theodore Beza |
| 6 Opening Speech of Chancellor L'Hospital |
| 7 Huguenots summoned |
| 8 Beza's Prayer & Address |
| 9 His Declaration as to Body of Christ |
| 10 Outcry of Theologians of Sorbonne |
| 11 Beza's Peroration |
| 12 Cardinal Tournon would cut short Conference |
| 13 Catharine de' Medici is decided |
| 14 Advantages gained |
| 15 Impression made by Beza |
| 16 His Frankness justified |
| 17 Prelates' Notion of a Conference |
| 18 Peter Martyr arrives |
| 19 Cardinal Lorraine replies to Beza |
| 20 Cardinal Tournon's new Demand |
| 21 Advancing Shadows of Civil War |
| 22 Another Session reluctantly conceded |
| 23 Beza's Reply to Cardinal Lorraine |
| 24 Claude d'Espense & Claude de Sainctes |
| 25 Lorraine demands Subscription to Augsburg Confession |
| 26 Beza's Home Thrust |
| 27 Peter Martyr & Lainez Jesuit |
| 28 Close of Colloquy of Poissy |
| 29 A Private Conference at St. Germain |
| 30 A Discussion of Words |
| 31 Catharine's Premature Delight |
| 32 Article agreed upon Rejected by Prelates |
| 33 Catharine's Financial Success |
| 34 Order for Restitution of Churches |
| 35 Arrival of 5 German Delegates |
| 36 Why Colloquy proved a Failure |
| 37 Catharine's Crude Notion of Conference |
| 38 Character of Prelates |
| 39 Influence of Papal Legate, Cardinal of Ferrara |
| 40 Anxiety of Pius 4 |
| 41 Nuncio Santa Croce |
| 42 Master Renard turned Monk |
| 43 Opposition of People & Chancellor |
| 44 Legate's Intrigues |
| 45 His Influence upon Antoine of Navarre |
| 46 Contradictory Counsels |
| 47 Triumvirate leave in Disgust |
| 48 Hopes entertained by Huguenots respecting Charles |
| 49 Beza is begged to remain |
| 50 A Spanish Plot to kidnap Duke of Orleans |
| 51 Number of Huguenot Churches |
| 52 Beza secures a favorable Royal order |
| 53 Rapid Growth of Reformation |
| 54 Immense Assemblages from far & near |
| 55 Huguenots at Montpellier |
| 56 Rein & not Spur needed |
| 57 Marriages & Baptisms at Court "after Geneva Fashion" |
| 58 Tanquerel's Seditious Declaration |
| 59 Jean de Hans |
| 60 Philip threatens Interference in French Affairs |
| 61 "A True Defender of Faith |
| 62 Roman Catholic Complaints of Huguenot Boldness |
| 63 "Tumult of Saint Médard |
| 64 Assembly of Notables at St. Germain |
| 65 Diversity of Sentiments |
| 66 "Edict of January |
| 67 Huguenots no longer Outlaws |
|
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10 1560 May - December
| 1 Assembly of Notables at Fontainebleau, & Close of Reign of Francis 2 |
| 2 Rise of Name of Huguenots |
| 3 Their Sudden Growth |
| 4 How to be accounted for |
| 5 Progress of Letters |
| 6 Marot's & Beza's Psalms |
| 7 Morality & Martyrdom |
| 8 Character of Protestant Ministers |
| 9 Testimony of Bishop Montluc |
| 10 Preaching in Churches of Valence |
| 11 Reformation & Morals |
| 12 Francis orders Extermination |
| 13 Large Congregations at Nismes |
| 14 Mouvans in Provence |
| 15 Popular Awakening |
| 16 Pamphlets against Guises |
| 17 Catharine consults Huguenots |
| 18 1560 Edict of Romorantin |
| 19 No Abatement of Rigorous Persecution |
| 20 Spiritual Jurisdiction differing little from Inquisition |
| 21 Chancellor Michel de l'Hospital |
| 22 Continued Disquiet: Montbrun |
| 23 1560 Assembly of Notables at Fontainebleau |
| 24 Chancellor's Address |
| 25 Finances of France |
| 26 Admiral Coligny presents Petitions of Huguenots |
| 27 Bishop Montluc ably advocates Toleration |
| 28 Bishop Marillac's Eloquent Speech |
| 29 Coligny's Suggestions |
| 30 Passionate Rejoinder of Duke of Guise |
| 31 Cardinal of Lorraine more calm |
| 32 New Alarms of Guises |
| 33 King of Navarre & Condé summoned to Court |
| 34 Advice of Philip of Spain |
| 35 Navarre's Irresolution embarrasses Montbrun & Mouvans |
| 36 "Fashion of Geneva" embraced by many in Languedoc |
| 37 Elections for States General |
| 38 King & Queen of Navarre |
| 39 Beza at Court of Nérac |
| 40 New Pressure to induce Navarre & Condé to come |
| 41 Navarre Refuses a Huguenot Escort |
| 42 Disregards Warnings |
| 43 Is refused Admission to Poitiers |
| 44 Condé arrested on arriving at Orleans |
| 45 Return of Renée de France |
| 46 Condé's Intrepidity |
| 47 He is Tried & Condemned to Death |
| 48 Antoine of Navarre's Danger |
| 49 Plan for annihilating Huguenots |
| 50 Sudden Illness & Death of Francis 2 |
| 51 "Epître au Tigre de la France |
|
|
|
2 302,639W 1,211 20:11
1 Introduction
| 1 1st Civil War |
| 2 Unsatisfactory Character of Edict of January |
| 3 Huguenot Leaders urge its Observance |
| 4 Seditious Sermons |
| 5 Opposition of Parliaments |
| 6 New Conference at St. Germain |
| 7 Defection of Antoine of Navarre, & its Effects |
| 8 He is cheated with Vain Hopes |
| 9 Jeanne d'Albret constant |
| 10 Immense Crowds at Huguenot Preaching |
| 11 Canons of Sainte-Croix |
| 12 Guises meet Christopher of Würtemberg at Saverne |
| 13 Their Lying Assurances |
| 14 Guises deceive Nobody |
| 15 Throkmorton's Account of French Court |
| 16 Massacre of Vassy |
| 17 Huguenots call for Punishment of Murderers |
| 18 Pretence of Want of Premeditation |
| 19 Louis of Condé appeals to King |
| 20 Beza's Remonstrance |
|
|
| 21 Anvil that had worn out many Hammers |
| 22 Guise enters Paris |
| 23 Queen Mother takes Charles to Melun |
| 24 Her Letters imploring Condé's Aid |
| 25 Revolutionary Measures of Triumvirs |
| 26 Condé retires to Meaux |
| 27 La Noue justifies his Prudence |
| 28 Huguenot Summons |
| 29 Admiral Coligny's Reluctance to take up Arms |
| 30 Guise & Navarre seize King & bring him to Paris |
| 31 Montmorency's Exploit at "Temples |
| 32 He earns Title of "Le Capitaine Brûleban |
| 33 Condé throws himself into Orleans |
| 34 His "Justification |
| 35 Stringent Articles of Association |
| 36 Huguenot Nobles & Cities
|
| 37 Can Iconoclasm be repressed? |
| 38 An Uncontrollable Impulse |
| 39 It bursts out at Caen |
| 40 "Idol" of Church of Sainte-Croix |
|
| 41 Massacre of Huguenots at Sens |
| 42 Disorders & War in Provence & Dauphiny |
| 43 William of Orange & his Principality |
| 44 Massacre by Papal Troops from Avignon |
| 45 Merciless Revenge of Baron des Adrets |
| 46 His Grim Pleasantry at Mornas |
| 47 Atrocities of Blaise de Montluc |
| 48 Massacre at Toulouse |
| 49 Centenary celebrated |
| 50 Foreign Alliances sought |
| 51 Queen Elizabeth's Aid invoked |
| 52 Cecil's Urgency & Schemes |
| 53 Divided Sympathies of English |
| 54 Diplomatic Manœuvres |
| 55 Condé's Reply to Pretended "Petition |
| 56 3rd National Synod of Protestants |
| 57 Interview of Catharine & Condé at Toury |
| 58 "Loan" of Beaugency |
| 59 Futile Negotiations |
| 60 Spasmodic Efforts in Warfare |
|
| 61 Huguenot Discipline |
| 62 Severities of Parisian Parliament |
| 63 Military Successes of "Triumvirs" at Poitiers & Bourges |
| 64 Help from Queen Elizabeth |
| 65 Siege of Rouen |
| 66 Ferocity of Norman Parliament |
| 67 Death of Antoine, King of Navarre |
| 68 English in Havre |
| 69 Condé takes Field & appears before Paris |
| 70 Dilatory Diplomacy |
| 71 Battle of Dreux |
| 72 Montmorency & Condé Prisoners |
| 73 Riotous Conduct of Parisians |
| 74 Orleans Invested |
| 75 Coligny again in Normandy |
| 76 Huguenot Reverses |
| 77 Assassination of Duke François de Guise |
| 78 Execution of Poltrot |
| 79 Beza & Coligny accused |
| 80 They vindicate Themselves |
|
| 81 Estimates of Guise's Character |
| 82 Renée de France at Montargis |
| 83 Deliberations for Peace |
| 84 "Noblesse" in favor of Terms: Ministers against them |
| 85 Edict of Pacification |
| 86 Remonstrance of English Ambassador |
| 87 Coligny's Disappointment |
| 88 Results of 1st Civil War |
| 89 It prevents France from becoming Huguenot |
| 90 Huguenot Ballads & Songs |
|
|
2 1563 - 7
| 1 Peace of Amboise & Bayonne Conference |
| 2 Charles demands Havre of English |
| 3 Siege |
| 4 How Peace was received |
| 5 Vexatious Delays in Normandy |
| 6 Norman Parliament protests & threatens |
| 7 A Rude Rebuff |
| 8 Commissioners to enforce Edict |
| 9 A Profligate Court alienated from Protestantism |
| 10 Profanity a Test of Catholicity |
| 11 Admiral Coligny accused of Guise's Murder |
| 12 His Defence espoused by Montmorencies |
| 13 Petition of Guises |
| 14 King adjourns Decision |
| 15 Embarrassment of Catharine |
| 16 Charles's Majority proclaimed |
| 17 King & Refractory Parisian Parliament |
| 18 Pope's Bull against Princely Heretics |
| 19 Proceedings against Cardinal Châtillon |
| 20 Queen of Navarre cited to Rome |
|
| 21 Spirited Reply of French Council |
| 22 Catharine seeks to seduce Huguenot Leaders |
| 23 Weakness of Condé |
| 24 Recent Growth of Protestantism |
| 25 Milhau-en-Rouergue |
| 26 Montpellier: Béarn |
| 27 Jeanne d'Albret's Reformation |
| 28 Attempt to kidnap her |
| 29 Close of Council of Trent |
| 30 Cardinal Lorraine's Attempt to secure Acceptance of its Decrees |
| 31 His Altercation with L'Hospital |
| 32 General Plan for suppressing Heresy |
| 33 "Progress" of Charles & his Court |
| 34 Calumnies against Huguenots |
| 35 Their Numbers |
| 36 Catharine's New Zeal, Citadels in Protestant Towns |
| 37 Interpretative Declarations infringing upon Edict |
| 38 Assaults upon Unoffending Huguenots, No Redress |
| 39 Condé appeals to King |
| 40 Conciliatory Answers to Huguenot Inhabitants of Bordeaux & Nantes |
|
| 41 Protestants excluded from Judicial Posts |
| 42 Marshal Montmorency checks Parisian Mob |
| 43 His Encounter with Cardinal Lorraine |
| 44 Conference at Bayonne |
| 45 What were its Secret Objects? |
| 46 No Plan of Massacre adopted |
| 47 History of Interview |
| 48 Catharine & Alva |
| 49 Catharine rejects all Plans of Violence |
| 50 Cardinal Granvelle's Testimony |
| 51 Festivities & Pageantry |
| 52 Henry of Béarn an Actor |
| 53 Roman Catholic Confraternities |
| 54 Hints of Future Plot of League |
| 55 Siege of Malta & French Civilities to Sultan |
| 56 Constable Montmorency defends Cardinal Châtillon |
| 57 Court at Moulins |
| 58 Feigned Reconciliation of Guises & Coligny |
| 59 L'Hospital's Measure for Relief of Protestants |
| 60 Another Altercation between Cardinal Lorraine & Chancellor |
|
| 61 Progress of Reformation at Cateau-Cambrésis |
| 62 Insults & Violence |
| 63 Huguenot Pleasantries |
| 64 Alarm of Protestants |
| 65 Attempts to murder Coligny & Porcien |
| 66 Alva sent to Netherlands |
| 67 Swiss Levy |
| 68 Condé & Coligny remonstrate |
| 69 Discredited Assurances of Catharine |
| 70 "very Name of Edict employed to destroy Edict itself |
| 71 Huguenot Attempts at Colonization in Florida |
| 72 1562 & 1564 1st & 2nd Expeditions |
| 73 1565 3rd Expedition |
| 74 Massacre by Menendez |
| 75 Indignation of French Court |
| 76 Sincere Remonstrances |
| 77 Sanguinary Revenge of De Gourgues |
|
|
3 1567 - 8
| 1 2nd Civil War & Short Peace |
| 2 Coligny's Pacific Counsels |
| 3 Rumors of Plots to destroy Huguenots |
| 4 D'Andelot's Warlike Counsels prevail |
| 5 Cardinal Lorraine to be seized & King Charles liberated |
| 6 Secret slowly leaks out |
| 7 Flight of Court to Paris |
| 8 Cardinal Lorraine invites Alva to France |
| 9 Condé at Saint Denis |
| 10 Huguenot Movement alienates King |
| 11 Negotiations opened |
| 12 Huguenots abate their Demands |
| 13 Montmorency Mouthpiece of Intolerance |
| 14 Insincerity of Alva's Offer of Aid |
| 15 1567 Battle of St. Denis |
| 16 Constable Montmorency mortally wounded |
| 17 His Character |
| 18 Protestant Princes of Germany determine to send Aid |
| 19 Huguenots go to meet it |
| 20 Treacherous Diplomacy |
|
| 21 Catharine implores Alva's Assistance |
| 22 Condé & John Casimir meet in Lorraine |
| 23 Generosity of Huguenot Troops |
| 24 March toward Orleans |
| 25 "Michelade" at Nismes |
| 26 Huguenot Successes in South & West |
| 27 La Rochelle secured for Condé |
| 28 Spain & Rome oppose Negotiations for Peace |
| 29 Santa Croce demands Cardinal Châtillon's Surrender |
| 30 A Rebuff from Marshal Montmorency |
| 31 March of "Viscounts" to meet Condé |
| 32 Siege of Chartres |
| 33 Chancellor L'Hospital's Memorial |
| 34 1568 Edict of Pacification |
| 35 Condé for & Coligny against Peace |
| 36 Condé's Infatuation |
| 37 Was Court sincere? |
| 38 Catharine short-sighted |
| 39 Imprudence of Huguenots |
| 40 Judicial Murder of Rapin at Toulouse |
|
| 41 Seditious Preachers & Mobs |
| 42 Treatment of Returning Huguenots |
| 43 Expedition & Fate of De Cocqueville |
| 44 Garrisons & Interpretative Ordinances |
| 45 Oppression of Royal Governors |
| 46 "The Christian & Royal League |
| 47 Insubordination to Royal Authority |
| 48 Admirable Organization of Huguenots |
| 49 Murder runs Riot throughout France |
| 50 La Rochelle, etc., refuse Royal Garrisons |
| 51 Coligny retires for Safety to Tanlay, Condé to Noyers |
| 52 D'Andelot's Remonstrance |
| 53 Catharine sides with L'Hospital's Enemies |
| 54 Remonstrance of 3 Marshals |
| 55 Catharine's Intrigues |
| 56 Court seeks to ruin Condé & Coligny |
| 57 Téligny sent to remonstrate |
| 58 Oath exacted of Huguenots |
| 59 Plot Disclosed |
| 60 Intercepted Letter from Spain |
|
| 61 Isabella of Spain her Husband's Mouthpiece |
| 62 Charles begs his Mother to avoid War |
| 63 Her Animosity against L'Hospital |
| 64 Another Quarrel between Lorraine & Chancellor |
| 65 Fall of Chancellor L'Hospital |
| 66 Plot |
| 67 Marshal Tavannes its Author |
| 68 Condé's Last Appeal to King |
| 69 Flight of Prince & Admiral |
| 70 Its Wonderful Success |
| 71 3rd Civil War opens |
| 72 City of La Rochelle & its Privileges |
|
|
|
4 1568 - 70
| 13 rd Civil War |
| 2 Relative Advantages of Huguenots & Roman Catholics |
| 3 Enthusiasm of Huguenot Youth |
| 4 Enlistment of Agrippa d'Aubigné |
| 5 Court proscribes Reformed Religion |
| 6 Impolicy of this Course |
| 7 A "Crusade" published at Toulouse |
| 8 Fanaticism of Roman Catholic Preachers |
| 9 Huguenot Places of Refuge |
| 10 Jeanne d'Albret & D'Andelot reach La Rochelle |
| 11 Successes in Poitou, Angoumois, etc. |
| 12 Powerful Huguenot Army in South |
| 13 Effects a Junction with Condé's Forces |
| 14 Huguenot Reprisals & Negotiations |
| 15 William of Orange tries to aid Huguenots |
| 16 His Declaration in their behalf |
| 17 Aid sought from England |
| 18 Generously accorded by Clergy & Laity |
| 19 Misgivings of Queen Elizabeth |
| 20 Her Double Dealing & Effrontery |
|
| 21 Fruitless Sieges & Plots |
| 22 Growing Superiority of Anjou's Forces |
| 23 Armies meet on Charente |
| 24 1569 Battle of Jarnac |
| 25 Murder of Louis, Prince of Condé |
| 26 Prince of Navarre remonstrates against Perfidy shown |
| 27 Exaggerated Bulletins |
| 28 Pope's Sanguinary Injunctions |
| 29 Sanguinary Action of Parliament of Bordeaux |
| 30 Queen Elizabeth colder |
| 31 Queen of Navarre's Spirit |
| 32 Huguenots recover Strength |
| 33 Death of D'Andelot |
| 34 New Responsibility resting on Coligny |
| 35 Duke of Deux Ponts comes with German Auxiliaries |
| 36 They overcome all Obstacles & join Coligny |
| 37 Death of Deux Ponts |
| 38 Huguenot Success at La Roche Abeille |
| 39 Furlough of Anjou's Troops |
| 40 Huguenot Petition to King |
|
| 41 Coligny's Plans overruled |
| 42 Disastrous Siege of Poitiers |
| 43 Cruelties to Huguenots in Prisons of Orleans |
| 44 Montargis a Safe Refuge |
| 45 Flight of Refugees to Sancerre |
| 46 "Croix de Gastines |
| 47 Ferocity of Parliament against Coligny & Others |
| 48 A Price set on Coligny's Head |
| 49 Huguenots weaker |
| 50 1569 Battle of Moncontour |
| 51 Coligny wounded |
| 52 Heavy Losses of Huguenots |
| 53 Roman Catholics exultant |
| 54 Mouy murdered by Maurevel |
| 55 Assassin rewarded with Collar of Order |
| 56 Fatal Error committed by Court |
| 57 Siege of St. Jean d'Angely |
| 58 Huguenot Successes at Vézelay & Nismes |
| 59 Coligny encouraged |
| 60 Withdrawal of Troops of Dauphiny & Provence |
|
| 61 Admiral's Bold Plan |
| 62 He Sweeps through Guyenne |
| 63 "Vengeance de Rapin |
| 64 Coligny pushes on to Rhône |
| 65 His Singular Success & its Causes |
| 66 He turns toward Paris |
| 67 His Illness interrupts Negotiations |
| 68 Engagement of Arnay-le-Duc |
| 69 Coligny approaches Paris |
| 70 Progress of Negotiations |
| 71 English Rebellion affects Terms offered |
| 72 Better Conditions proposed |
| 73 Charles & his Mother for Peace |
| 74 War fruitless for its Authors |
| 75 Anxiety of Cardinal Châtillon |
| 76 1570 Royal Edict of St. Germain |
| 77 Dissatisfaction of Clergy |
| 78 Limping & Unsettled Peace |
|
|
|
5 1570 - 2
| 1 Peace of St. Germain |
| 2 Sincerity of Peace |
| 3 Designs of Catharine de' Medici |
| 4 Charles 9th in Earnest |
| 5 Tears out Parliament Record against Cardinal Châtillon |
| 6 His Assurances to Walsingham |
| 7 Gracious Answer to German Electors |
| 8 Infringement on Edict at Orange |
| 9 Protestants of Rouen attacked |
| 10 "Croix de Gastines" pulled down |
| 11 Projected Marriage of Anjou to Queen Elizabeth of England |
| 12 Machinations to dissuade Anjou |
| 13 Charles indignant at Interference |
| 14 Alençon to be substituted as Suitor |
| 15 Anjou's new Ardor |
| 16 Elizabeth interposes Obstacles |
| 17 Papal & Spanish Efforts |
| 18 Vexation of Catharine at Anjou's fresh Scruples |
| 19 Louis of Nassau confers with King |
| 20 Admiral Coligny consulted |
|
| 21 Invited to Court |
| 22 His Honorable Reception |
| 23 Disgust of Guises & Alva |
| 24 Charles gratified |
| 25 Proposed Marriage of Henry of Navarre to King's Sister |
| 26 Anjou Match falls through |
| 27 Praise of Alençon |
| 28 Pius 5th Alarmed |
| 29 Cardinal of Alessandria sent to Paris |
| 30 King's Assurances |
| 31 Jeanne d'Albret becomes more favorable to her Son's Marriage |
| 32 Her Solicitude |
| 33 She is treated with Tantalizing Insincerity |
| 34 She is shocked at Morals of Court |
| 35 Her Sudden Death |
| 36 Coligny & Boy-King |
| 37 Dispensation delayed |
| 38 King's Earnestness |
| 39 Mons & Valenciennes captured |
| 40 Catharine's Indecision |
|
| 41 Queen Elizabeth inspires no Confidence |
| 42 Rout of Genlis |
| 43 Determines Catharine to take Spanish Side |
| 44 Loss of Golden Opportunity |
| 45 Admiral does not lose Courage |
| 46 Charles & Catharine at Montpipeau |
| 47 Rumors of Elizabeth's Desertion of her Allies |
| 48 Charles thoroughly cast down |
| 49 Coligny partially succeeds in reassuring him |
| 50 Elizabeth toys with Dishonorable Proposals from Netherlands |
| 51 Fatal Results |
| 52 Mémoires inédits de Michel de la Huguerye |
| 53 His View of a long Premeditation |
| 54 Studied Misrepresentation of Jeanne d'Albret |
|
|
|
|
6 1572
| 1 Massacre of St. Bartholomew's Day |
| 2 Huguenot Nobles reach Paris |
| 3 Betrothal of Henry of Navarre to Margaret of Valois |
| 4 Entertainment in Louvre |
| 5 Coligny's Letter to his Wife |
| 6 Festivities & Mock Combats |
| 7 Huguenot Grievances to be redressed |
| 8 Catharine & Anjou jealous of Coligny's Influence over King |
| 9 Duchess of Nemours & Guise |
| 10 Was Massacre long premeditated? |
| 11 Salviati's Testimony |
| 12 Charles' Cordiality to Coligny |
| 13 Coligny wounded |
| 14 Agitation of King |
| 15 Coligny courageous |
| 16 Visited by King & his Mother |
| 17 Catharine attempts to break up Conference |
| 18 Charles writes Letters expressing his Displeasure |
| 19 Vidame de Chartres advises Huguenots to leave Paris |
| 20 Catharine & Anjou come to Final Decision |
|
| 21 They ply Charles with Arguments |
| 22 King consents reluctantly |
| 23 Few Victims first selected |
| 24 Religious Hatred |
| 25 Precautionary Measures |
| 26 Orders issued to Prévôt des Marchands |
| 27 1st Shot & Bell of St. Germain l'Auxerrois |
| 28 Murder of Admiral Coligny |
| 29 His Character & Work |
| 30 Murder of Huguenot Nobles in Louvre |
| 31 Navarre & Condé spared |
| 32 Massacre becomes general |
| 33 La Rochefoucauld & Téligny fall |
| 34 Self-defence of a few Nobles |
| 35 Victims of Personal Hatred |
| 36 Adventures of young La Force |
| 37 Pitiless Butchery |
| 38 Shamelessness of Court Ladies |
| 39 Anjou, Montpensier, & others encourage Assassins |
| 40 Wonderful Escapes |
|
| 41 Death of Philosopher Ramus |
| 42 President Pierre de la Place |
| 43 Regnier & Vezins |
| 44 Escape of Chartres & Montgomery |
| 45 Charles himself fires on them |
| 46 Massacre continues |
| 47 Pillage of Rich |
| 48 Orders issued to lay down Arms |
| 49 Little heeded |
| 50 Miracle of "Cimetière des Innocents |
| 51 King's 1st Letter to Mandelot |
| 52 Guise throws Responsibility on King |
| 53 Charles accepts it on Tuesday morning 492 |
| 54 "Lit de Justice |
| 55 Servile Reply of Parliament |
| 56 Christopher De Thou |
| 57 Ineffectual Effort to inculpate Coligny |
| 58 His Memory declared Infamous |
| 59 Petty Indignities |
| 60 A Jubilee Procession |
|
| 61 Charles declares he will maintain his Edict of Pacification |
| 62 Forced Conversion of Navarre & Condé |
|
|
|
7 1572
| 1 Massacre in Provinces, & Reception of Tidings Abroad |
| 2 Massacre in Provinces |
| 3 Verbal Orders |
| 4 Instructions to Montsoreau at Saumur |
| 5 2 Kinds of Letters |
| 6 Massacre at Meaux |
| 7 At Troyes |
| 8 Great Bloodshed at Orleans |
| 9 At Bourges |
| 10 At Angers |
| 11 Butchery at Lyons |
| 12 Responsibility of Mandelot |
| 13 Rouen |
| 14 Toulouse |
| 15 Bordeaux |
| 16 Why Massacre was not Universal |
| 17 Policy of Guises |
| 18 Spurious Accounts of Clemency |
| 19 Bishop Le Hennuyer, of Lisieux |
| 20 Kind Offices of Matignon at Caen & Alençon |
|
| 21 Of Longueville & Gordes |
| 22 Of Tende in Provence |
| 23 Viscount D'Orthez at Bayonne |
| 24 Municipality of Nantes |
| 25 Uncertain Number of Victims |
| 26 News of Massacre received at Rome |
| 27 Public Thanksgivings |
| 28 Vasari's Paintings in Vatican |
| 29 French Boasts count for Nothing |
| 30 Catharine writes to Philip, her son-in-law |
| 31 Delight of Philip of Spain |
| 32 Charles instigates Murder of French Prisoners |
| 33 Alva jubilant, but wary |
| 34 England's Horror |
| 35 Perplexity of La Mothe Fénélon |
| 36 His Cold Reception by Queen Elizabeth |
| 37 Ambassador disheartened |
| 38 Sir Thomas Smith's Letter |
| 39 Catharine's Unsuccessful Representations |
| 40 Briquemault & Cavaignes hung for alleged Conspiracy |
|
| 41 News in Scotland |
42 In Germany |
| 43 In Poland |
| 44 Sympathy of Genevese |
| 45 Their Generosity & Danger |
| 46 Impression at Baden |
| 47 Medals & Vindications |
| 48 Disastrous Personal Effect on King Charles |
| 49 How far was Roman Church Responsible? |
| 50 Gregory probably not aware of intended Massacre |
| 51 Paul 5th instigates French Court |
| 52 He counsels exterminating Huguenots |
| 53 New Account of Massacre at Orleans 569 |
|
|
|
|
8 1572 - 4
| 1 Sequel of Massacre, to Death of Charles 9 |
| 2 Widespread Terror |
| 3 La Rochelle & other Cities in Huguenot Hands |
| 4 Nismes & Montauban |
| 5 La Rochelle Centre of Interest |
| 6 A Spurious Letter of Catharine |
| 7 Designs on City |
| 8 Mission of La Noue |
| 9 He is badly received |
| 10 Royal Proposals rejected |
| 11 Marshal Biron appears before La Rochelle |
| 12 Beginning of 4th Religious War |
| 13 Description of La Rochelle |
| 14 Resoluteness of Defenders |
| 15 Their Military Strength |
| 16 Henry, Duke of Anjou, appointed to conduct Siege |
| 17 Besieged pray & fight |
| 18 Bravery of Women |
| 19 La Noue retires: Failure of Diplomacy |
| 20 English Aid miscarries |
|
| 21 Huguenot Successes in South |
| 22 Sommières & Villeneuve |
| 23 Beginning of Siege of Sancerre |
| 24 Incipient Famine |
| 25 Losses of Army before La Rochelle |
| 26 Roman Catholic Processions |
| 27 Election of Henry of Anjou to Crown of Poland |
| 28 1573 Edict of Pacification |
| 29 Meagre Results of War |
| 30 Siege & Famine of Sancerre continue |
| 31 City capitulates |
| 32 Reception of Polish Ambassadors |
| 33 Discontent of South with Terms of Peace |
| 34 Assembly of Milhau & Montauban |
| 35 Military Organization of Huguenots |
| 36 Petition to King |
| 37 "Les Fronts d'Airain" |
| 38 Catharine's Bitter Reply |
| 39 Huguenots firm 604 |
| 40 Decline of Charles's Health |
|
| 41 Project of English Match renewed |
| 42 Intrigues with German Princes |
| 43 Death of Louis of Nassau |
| 44 Anjou's Reception at Heidelberg |
| 45 Frankness of Elector Palatine |
| 46 Last Days of Chancellor L'Hospital |
| 47 Party of "Politiques" |
| 48 Hotman's "Franco-Gallia" |
| 49 Treacherous Attempt on La Rochelle |
| 50 Huguenots reassemble at Milhau |
| 51 They complete their Organization |
| 52 Duke of Alençon |
| 53 Glandage Plunders City of Orange |
| 54 Montbrun's Exploits in Dauphiny |
| 55 La Rochelle resumes Arms: Beginning of 5th Religious War |
| 56 Diplomacy tried in Vain |
| 57 "Politiques" make an Unsuccessful Rising |
| 58 Flight of Court from St. Germain |
| 59 Alençon & Navarre examined |
| 60 Execution of La Mole & Coconnas |
|
| 61 Condé retires to Germany |
| 62 Reasons for Success of Huguenots |
| 63 Montgomery lands in Normandy |
| 64 He is forced to Surrender |
| 65 Delight of Catharine |
| 66 Execution of Montgomery |
| 67 Last Days of Charles 9 |
| 68 Distress of his Young Queen |
| 69 Death & Funeral Rites of Charles |
| 70 Had Persecution, War & Treachery Succeeded? |
|
|
|
|
|
5 1896 Recollections on Joan of Arc by Mark Twain 230,000W 920 15:19:32 421M
| 1 In Domrem |
| 2 When Wolves Ran Free in Paris |
| 3 Fairy Tree of Domremy |
| 4 All of aflame with Love of France |
| 5 Joan Tames Madman |
| 6 Domremy Pillaged & Burned |
| 7 Joan & Archangel Michael |
| 8 She Delivers Devine Command |
| 9 Why Scorners Relented |
| 10 in Court & Camp, Joan Says Goodbye |
| 11 Governor Speeds Joan |
| 12 Paladin Groans & Boasts |
| 13 Joan Leads Us Through Enemy |
| 14 We Pierce Last Ambuscades |
| 15 Joan Convinces King |
| 16 Our Paladin in His Glory |
| 17 Joan Persuades Inquisitors |
| 18 She is Made General in Chief |
| 19 Maid's Sword & Banner |
| 20 War March is Begun |
|
| 21 Joan Puts Heart in Her Army |
| 22 Checked by Folly of Wise |
| 23 What English Answered |
| 24 My Exquisite Poem Goes to Smash |
| 25 Finding of Dwarf |
| 26 Sweet Fruit of Bitter Truth |
| 27 Joan's 1st Battle Field |
| 28 We Burst In Upon Ghosts |
| 29 Joan Makes Cowards Brave Victors |
| 30 She Gently Reproves Her Dear Friend |
| 31 Fate of France Decided |
| 32 Joan Enspires Tawdry King |
| 33 Tinsil Trappings of Nobility |
| 34 At Last-Forward! |
| 35 Last Doubls Scattered |
| 36 How Joan Took Jargeau |
| 37 Joan Foretells Her Doom |
| 38 Fierce Talbot Reconsiderations |
| 39 Red Field of Patay |
| 40 France Begins to Live Again |
|
| 41 Joyous News Flies Fast |
| 42 Joan's 5 Great Deeds |
| 43 Jests of Burgundians |
| 44 Heir of France is Crowned |
| 45 Joan Hears News From Home |
| 46 Again to Arms |
| 47 King Cries Forward! |
| 48 We Win but King Balks |
| 49 Treachury Conquers Joan |
| 50 Maid Will March No More |
| 51 Trial & Marterdom, Maid in Chains |
| 52 Joan Sold to English |
| 53 Weaving Net About Her |
| 54 All Ready to Condemn |
| 55 50 Experts Against a Novice |
| 56 Maid Baffles Her Persecutors |
| 57 Craft That Was in Vain |
| 58 Joan Tells of Her Visions |
| 59 Her Sure Deliverance Foretold |
| 60 Inquisitors at Their Wits End |
|
| 61 Court Reorganized for Assassination |
| 62 Joan's Master Stroke Diverted |
| 63 3rd Trial Fails |
| 64 Joan Struggles with Her 12 Lies |
| 65 Undaunted by Threat of Burning |
| 66 Joan Stands Defiant Before Rack |
| 67 Supreme in Direst Peril |
| 68 condemned yet Unafraid |
| 69 Our Last Hopes of Rescue Fail |
| 70 Betrayal |
| 71 Respited Only for Torture |
| 72 Joan Gives Fatal Answer |
| 73 Time Is at Hand |
| 74 Joan Martyr. |
|
|
|
10 1897 A History of French Literature Short Histories of Literatures of World 2 by Dowden, Edward 124,013W 496 8:16 $10
1 MIDDLE AGES
1
| 1 NARRATIVE RELIGIOUS POETRY |
| 2 NATIONAL EPIC |
| 3 EPIC OF ANTIQUITY |
| 4 ROMANCES OF LOVE & COURTESY |
|
2
| 1 LYRICAL POETRY |
| 2 FABLES & RENARD FOX |
| 3 FABLIAUX |
| 4 ROMANCE OF ROSE |
|
3
| 1 DIDACTIC LITERATURE |
| 2 SERMONS |
| 3 HISTORY |
|
4
| 1 LATEST MEDIÆVAL POETS |
| 2 DRAMA |
|
|
|
2 1500s
1
| 1 RENAISSANCE & REFORMATION |
|
2
| 1 FROM PLÉIADE TO MONTAIGNE |
|
|
|
3 1600s
1
| 1 LITERARY FREEDOM & LITERARY ORDER |
|
2
| 1 FRENCH ACADEMY |
| 2 PHILOSOPHY: DESCARTES |
| 3 RELIGION: PASCAL |
|
3
| 1 DRAMA: MONTCHRESTIEN - CORNEILLE |
|
4
| 1 SOCIETY & PUBLIC LIFE IN LETTERS |
|
|
6
| 1 COMEDY & TRAGEDY |
| 2 MOLIÈRE |
| 3 RACINE |
|
7
| 1 BOSSUET & PREACHERS |
| 2 FÉNELON |
|
|
|
|
4 1700s
1
| 1 MEMOIRS & HISTORY |
| 2 POETRY |
| 3 THEATRE |
| 4 NOVEL |
|
2
| 1 MONTESQUIEU |
| 2 VAUVENARGUES |
| 3 VOLTAIRE |
|
3
| 1 DIDEROT & ENCYCLOPÆDIA |
| 2 PHILOSOPHERS, ECONOMISTS, CRITICS |
| 3 BUFFON |
|
4
| 1 ROUSSEAU |
| 2 BEAUMARCHAIS |
| 3 BERNARDIN DE SAINT-PIERRE |
| 4 ANDRÉ CHÉNIER |
|
|
|
5 1789 - 1850
1
| 1 REVOLUTION & EMPIRE |
| 2 MADAME DE STAËL |
| 3 CHATEAUBRIAND |
|
|
3
| 1 POETRY OF ROMANTIC SCHOOL |
|
|
5
| 1 HISTORY |
| 2 LITERARY CRITICISM. |
|
|
|
|
|
18 French Revolution by Carlyle, Thomas 307,543W 1230 20:30
1 BASTILLE
1 DEATH OF LOUIS
| 1 Louis Well-Beloved |
| 2 Realised Ideals |
| 3 Viaticum |
| 4 Louis Unforgotten |
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2 PAPER AGE
| 1 Astraea Redux |
| 2 Petition in Hieroglyphs |
| 3 Questionable |
| 4 Maurepas |
| 5 Astraea Redux without Cash |
| 6 Windbags |
| 7 Contrat Social |
| 8 Printed Paper |
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3 PARLEMENT OF PARIS
| 1 Dishonoured Bills |
| 2 Controller Calonne |
| 3 Notables |
| 4 Lomenie's Edicts |
| 5 Lomenie's Thunderbolts |
| 6 Lomenie's Plots |
| 7 Internecine |
| 8 Lomenie's Death-throes |
| 9 Burial with Bonfire |
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4 STATES-GENERAL
| 1 Notables Again |
| 2 Election, |
| 3 Grown Electric |
| 4 Procession |
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5 3RD ESTATE
| 1 Inertia |
| 2 Mercury de Breze |
| 3 Broglie War-God |
| 4 To Arms! |
| 5 Give us Arms |
| 6 Storm & Victory |
| 7 Not a Revolt |
| 8 Conquering your King, Lanterne |
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6 CONSOLIDATION
| 1 Make Constitution |
| 2 Constituent Assembly |
| 3 General Overturn |
| 4 In Queue |
| 5 4th Estate |
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7 INSURRECTION OF WOMEN
| 1 Patrollotism |
| 2 O Richard |
| 3 O my King, Black Cockades |
| 4 Menads |
| 5 Usher Maillard |
| 6 To Versailles |
| 7 At Versailles |
| 8 Equal Diet |
| 9 Lafayette |
| 10 Grand Entries |
| 11 From Versailles |
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2 CONSTITUTION
1 FEAST OF PIKES
| 1 In Tuileries |
| 2 In Salle de Manege |
| 3 Muster |
| 4 Journalism |
| 5 Clubbism |
| 6 Je le jure |
| 7 Prodigies |
| 8 Solemn League & Covenant |
| 9 Symbolic |
| 10 Mankind |
| 11 As in Age of Gold |
| 12 Sound & Smoke |
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2 NANCI
| 1 Bouille |
| 2 Arrears & Aristocrats |
| 3 Bouille at Metz |
| 4 Arrears at Nanci |
| 5 Inspector Malseigne |
| 6 Bouille at Nanci |
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3 TUILERIES
| 1 Epimenides |
| 2 Wakeful |
| 3 Sword in Hand |
| 4 To fly or not to fly |
| 5 Day of Poniards |
| 6 Mirabeau |
| 7 Death of Mirabeau |
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4 VARENNES
| 1 Easter at Saint-Cloud |
| 2 Easter at Paris |
| 3 Count Fersen |
| 4 Attitude |
| 5 New Berline |
| 6 Old-Dragoon Drouet |
| 7 Night of Spurs |
| 8 Return |
| 9 Sharp Shot |
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5 PARLIAMENT 1ST
| 1 Grande Acceptation |
| 2 Book of Law |
| 3 Avignon |
| 4 No Sugar |
| 5 Kings & Emigrants |
| 6 Brigands & Jales |
| 7 Constitution will not march |
| 8 Jacobins |
| 9 Minister Roland |
| 10 Petion-National-Pique |
| 11 Hereditary Representative |
| 12 Procession of Black Breeches |
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6 MARSEILLESE
| 1 Executive that does not act |
| 2 Let us march |
| 3 Some Consolation to Mankind |
| 4 Subterranean |
| 5 At Dinner |
| 6 Steeples at Midnight |
| 7 Swiss |
| 8 Constitution burst in Pieces |
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3 GUILLOTINE
1 SEPTEMBER
| 1 Improvised Commune |
| 2 Danton |
| 3 Dumouriez |
| 4 September in Paris |
| 5 A Trilogy |
| 6 Circular |
| 7 September in Argonne |
| 8 Exeunt |
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2 REGICIDE
| 1 Deliberative |
| 2 Executive |
| 3 Discrowned |
| 4 Loser pays |
| 5 Stretching of Formulas |
| 6 At Bar |
| 7 3 Votings |
| 8 Place de la Revolution |
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3 GIRONDINS
| 1 Cause & Effect |
| 2 Culottic & Sansculottic |
| 3 Growing shrill, Fatherland in Danger |
| 4 Sansculottism Accoutred |
| 5 Traitor |
| 6 In Fight |
| 7 In Death-Grips |
| 8 Extinct |
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4 TERROR
| 1 Charlotte Corday |
| 2 In Civil War |
| 3 Retreat of 11 |
| 4 O Nature |
| 5 Sword of Sharpness |
| 6 Risen against Tyrants |
| 7 Marie-Antoinette |
| 8 22 |
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5 TERROR ORDER OF DAY
| 1 Rushing down |
| 2 Death |
| 3 Destruction |
| 4 Carmagnole complete |
| 5 Like Thunder-Cloud |
| 6 Do thy Duty |
| 7 Flame-Picture |
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6 THERMIDOR
| 1 Gods are athirst |
| 2 Danton |
| 3 No weakness |
| 4 Tumbrils |
| 5 Mumbo-Jumbo |
| 6 Prisons |
| 7 To finish Terror |
| 8 Go down to |
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7 VENDEMIAIRE
| 1 Decadent |
| 2 La Cabarus |
| 3 Quiberon |
| 4 Lion not dead |
| 5 Lion sprawling its last |
| 6 Grilled Herrings |
| 7 Whiff of Grapeshot |
| 8 Section Lepelletier |
| 9 after Addresses enough |
| 10 finds that such clause is |
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8 NOTABLES
| 1 Calonne's convocation of |
| 2 1787 assembled 22nd February. |
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19 1906 History of Napoleon Buonaparte by Lockhart, John Gibson 202,038W 808 13:28
1
| 1 Birth & Parentage of Napoleon Buonaparte |
| 2 His Education at Brienne & at Paris |
| 3 His Character at this Period |
| 4 His Political Predilections |
| 5 He enters Army as 2nd Lieutenant of Artillery |
| 6 1793 His 1st Military Service in Corsica |
|
|
2
| 1 Buonaparte commands Artillery at Toulon |
| 2 Fall of Toulon |
| 3 Representatives of People |
| 4 Junot |
|
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3
| 1 Buonaparte Chief of Battalion at Nice |
| 2 Fall of Robespierre |
| 3 He is superseded |
| 4 1795 Buonaparte at Paris |
| 5 day of Sections |
| 6 Commands Army of Interior |
| 7 Marries Josephine de Beauharnois |
| 8 Appointed to command of Army of Italy |
|
|
4
| 1 Army of Italy |
| 2 Tactics of Buonaparte |
| 3 Battle of Monte Notte |
| 4 Battle of Millesimo |
| 5 Battle of Mondovi |
| 6 Armistice of Cherasco |
| 7 Close of Campaign of Piedmont |
| 8 Peace granted to Sardinia |
|
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5
| 1 French cross Po at Placenza |
| 2 Battle of Fombio |
| 3 Bridge of Lodi |
| 4 Napoleon occupies Milan |
| 5 Resigns, & resumes his command |
| 6 Insurrection of Pavia |
| 7 Military Executions |
| 8 French pass Mincio at Borghetto |
| 9 Beaulieu retreats behind Adige |
| 10 Mantua besieged |
| 11 Peace with King of 2 Sicilies |
| 12 Pope buys a Respite |
|
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6
| 1 Wurmser supersedes Beaulieu |
2 Jourdan & Moreau march into Germany, & are forced to retreat again
|
| 3 Austrians advance from Tyrol |
| 4 Battle of Lonato |
| 5 Escape of Napoleon |
| 6 Battle near Castiglione |
| 7 Wurmser retreats on Trent, & is recruited |
| 8 Battle of Roveredo |
| 9 Battle of Primolano |
| 10 Battle of Bassano |
| 11 Battle of St. George |
| 12 Wurmser shut up in Mantua. |
|
|
7
| 1 Affairs of Corsica |
| 2 Alvinzi assumes Command of Austrians on Italian frontier |
| 3 3 Battles of Arcola |
| 4 Retreat of Alvinzi |
| 5 Battle of Rivoli |
| 6 Battle of La Favorita |
| 7 Surrender of Mantua |
| 8 Victor marches on Ancona |
| 9 Despair of Pope |
| 10 Treaty of Tollentino. |
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8
| 1 Neutrality of Venice |
2 Archduke Charles
|
| 3 Battle of Tagliamento |
| 4 Retreat of Archduke |
| 5 Treaty of Leoben |
| 6 War with Venice |
| 7 Venice conquered |
|
|
9
| 1 Pichegru |
| 2 Directory appeal to Buonaparte |
| 31 8th Fructidor |
| 4 Court of Montebello |
| 5 Josephine |
| 6 Treaty of Campo-Formio |
| 7 Buonaparte leaves Italy |
|
|
10
| 1 Napoleon at Rastadt |
| 2 He arrives in Paris |
| 3 His reception by Directory |
| 4 His Conduct & Manners |
| 5 He is appointed to command Army for Invasion of England |
| 6 He recommends Expedition to Egypt |
| 7 Reaches Toulon |
| 8 Embarks 78 |
|
|
11
| 1 Voyage to Egypt |
| 2 Malta surrendered |
| 3 French escape Nelson, & take Alexandria |
| 4 March up Nile |
| 5 Battle of Pyramids |
| 6 Cairo surrenders |
| 7 Battle of Aboukir |
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12
| 1 Buonaparte's Administration in Egypt |
| 2 Armaments of Porte |
| 3 Buonaparte at Suez |
| 4 At El-Arish |
| 5 Gaza, Jaffa, Acre |
| 6 Retreat to Egypt |
| 7 Defeat of Turks at Aboukir |
| 8 Napoleon embarks for France |
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13
| 1 Retrospect |
| 2 Buonaparte arrives in France |
| 3 Revolution of 18th Brumaire |
| 4 Provisional Consulate |
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14
| 1 Provisional Consulate |
| 2 Reforms in France |
| 3 Pacification of Chouans |
| 4 Constitution of year 8 |
| 5 Buonaparte Chief Consul |
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15
| 1 Chief Consul writes to King of England |
| 2 Lord Grenville's Answer |
| 3 Napoleon passes Great St. Bernard |
| 4 taking of St. Bard |
| 5 Siege of Genoa |
| 6 Battle of Montebello |
| 7 Battle of Marengo |
| 8 Napoleon returns to Paris |
| 9 Infernal Machine |
| 10 Battle of Hohenlinden |
| 11 Treaty of Luneville. |
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16
| 1 Affairs of Naples & Pope |
| 2 Emperor Paul of Russia |
| 3 Northern confederacy against England |
| 4 Battle of Copenhagen |
| 5 Nelson's Victory |
| 6 Death of Paul |
| 7 Expedition to Egypt under Sir Ralph Abercrombie |
| 8 Battle of Alexandria |
| 9 Conquest of Egypt |
| 10 Flotilla of Boulogne |
| 11 Negotiations with England |
| 12 Peace of Amiens |
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17
| 1 Peace of Amiens |
| 2 Concordat |
| 3 Legion of Honour |
| 4 Buonaparte President of Cisalpine Republic |
| 5 1st Consul for Life |
| 6 Grand Mediator of Helvetic Confederacy |
| 7 St. Domingo |
| 8 Toussaint L'Ouverture |
| 9 Dissatisfaction of England |
| 10 Trial of Peltier |
| 11 Lord Whitworth |
| 12 Rupture of Peace of Amiens |
| 13 Detention of English Travellers in France |
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18
| 1 Recommencement of War |
| 2 French seize Hanover & Naples |
| 3 English seize various French colonies |
| 4 Scheme of invading England resumed |
| 5 Moreau |
| 6 Pichegru |
| 7 Georges Cadoudal |
| 8 Captain Wright |
| 9 Murder of Duke d'Enghien |
| 10 Napoleon Emperor of France |
| 11 King of Italy |
| 12 Genoa united to Empire |
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19
| 1 New coalition against France |
| 2 Sweden |
| 3 Russia |
| 4 Austria joins Alliance |
| 5 Napoleon heads Army in Germany |
| 6 Ulm surrendered by Mack |
| 7 Vienna taken |
| 8 Naval Operations |
| 9 Battle of Trafalgar |
| 10 Battle of Austerlitz |
| 11 Treaty of Presburg |
| 12 Joseph Buonaparte King of Naples |
| 13 Louis Buonaparte King of Holland |
| 14 Confederation of Rhine |
| 15 New Nobility in France |
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20
| 1 Discontent of Prussia |
| 2 Death of Pitt |
| 3 Negotiation of Lords Yarmouth & Lauderdale broken off |
| 4 Murder of Palm, bookseller |
| 5 Prussia declares War |
| 6 Buonaparte heads Army |
| 7 Naumburg taken |
| 8 Battle of Jena |
| 9 Napoleon enters Berlin |
| 10 Fall of Magdeburg, &c. |
| 11 Humiliation of Prussia |
| 12 Buonaparte's cruelty to Duke of Brunswick |
| 13 his rapacity & oppression in Prussia. |
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21
| 1 Decrees of Berlin |
| 2 Napoleon renews campaign |
| 3 Warsaw taken |
| 4 Enthusiasm of Poles |
| 5 Retreat of Russians |
| 6 Battle of Pultusk |
| 7 French go into winter quarters |
| 8 Battle of Preuss-Eylau |
| 9 Taking of Dantzick |
| 10 Battle of Friedland |
| 11 Armistice |
| 12 Expeditions of English to Calabria, Constantinople, Egypt, & Buenos Ayres |
| 13 Peace of Tilsit |
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22
| 1 British Expedition to Copenhagen |
| 2 Coalition of France, Austria, Prussia, & Russia, against English Commerce |
| 3 Internal affairs of France |
| 4 Administration of Napoleon |
| 5 Council of State |
| 6 Court |
| 7 Code |
| 8 Public Works |
| 9 Manufactures |
| 10 Taxes |
| 11 Military Organisation |
| 12 Conscription. |
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23
| 1 Relations of Napoleon with Spain |
| 2 Treaty of Fontainebleau |
| 3 Junot marches to Portugal |
| 4 Flight of Braganzas to Brazil |
| 5 French troops proceed into Spain |
| 6 Dissensions in Court |
| 7 Both parties appeal to Napoleon |
| 8 Murat occupies Madrid |
| 9 Charles & Ferdinand abdicate at Bayonne |
| 10 Joseph Buonaparte crowned King of Spain |
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24
| 1 Insurrection of Spaniards & Portuguese |
| 2 Their Alliance with England |
| 3 Battle of Riosecco |
| 4 Joseph enters Madrid |
| 5 1st Siege of Zaragossa |
| 6 Dupont's March into Andalusia |
| 7 Battle of Baylen |
| 8 Dupont Surrenders |
| 9 Joseph quits Madrid |
| 10 Situation of Junot |
| 11 Arrival of Sir Arthur Wellesley |
| 12 Battle of Roriça |
| 13 Battle of Vimiero |
| 14 Convention of Cintra. |
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25
| 1 Napoleon at Erfurt |
| 2 At Paris |
| 3 Arrives at Vittoria |
| 4 Disposition of French & Spanish Armies |
| 5 Successes of Soult |
| 6 Passage of Somosierra |
| 7 Surrender of Madrid |
| 8 Sir John Moore's Campaign |
| 9 his Retreat |
| 10 Battle of Coruña |
| 11 Death of Moore |
| 12 Napoleon leaves Spain. |
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26
| 1 Austria declares War |
| 2 Napoleon heads his army in Germany |
| 3 Battles of Landshut & Eckmuhl |
| 4 Ratisbonne taken |
| 5 Napoleon in Vienna |
| 6 Hostilities in Italy, Hungary, Poland, North of Germany, & Tyrol |
| 7 Battle of Raab |
| 8 Battle of Wagram |
| 9 Armistice with Austria.... |
| 10 Progress of War in Peninsula |
| 11 Battle of Talaveyra |
| 12 Battle of Ocaña |
| 13 English Expedition to Walcheren... |
| 14 Seizure of Rome & arrest of Pope |
| 15 Treaty of Schoenbrunn. |
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27
| 1 Napoleon divorces Josephine |
| 2 Marries Archduchess Maria Louisa |
| 3 Deposes Louis Buonaparte |
| 4 Annexes Holland & whole Coast of Germany to France |
| 5 Revolution in Sweden |
| 6 Bernadotte elected Crown Prince of Sweden |
| 7 Progress of War in Peninsula |
| 8 Battle of Busaco |
| 9 Lord Wellington retreats to Lines of Torres Vedras |
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28
| 1 1811 Events |
| 2 Birth of King of Rome |
| 3 Disgrace of Fouché |
| 4 Discontents in France |
| 5 Relations with Russia |
| 6 Licence System |
| 7 Napoleon prepares for War with Russia |
| 8 Campaign in Peninsula |
| 9 Massena's Retreat |
| 10 Battle of Fuentes d'Onor |
| 11 Lord Wellington blockades Ciudad Rodrigo |
| 12 Retreats |
| 13 Joseph wishes to Abdicate |
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29
| 1 Capture of Ciudad Rodrigo |
| 2 & of Badajos |
| 3 Battle of Salamanca |
| 4 State of Napoleon's Foreign Relations |
| 5 His Military Resources |
| 6 Napoleon at Dresden |
| 7 Rupture with Russia |
| 8 Napoleon's conduct to Poles |
| 9 Distribution of Armies |
| 10 Passage of Niemen |
| 11 Napoleon at Wilna |
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30
| 1 Russia makes Peace with England, with Sweden, & with Turkey |
| 2 Internal preparations |
| 3 Napoleon leaves Wilna |
| 4 Dwina |
| 5 Bagrathion's Movements |
| 6 Battle of Smolensko |
| 7 Battle of Borodino |
| 8 Napoleon enters Moscow |
| 9 Constancy & Enthusiasm of Russians |
| 10 Conduct of Rostophchin |
| 11 burning of Moscow |
| 12 Kutusoff refuses to Treat |
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31
| 1 Napoleon quits Moscow |
| 2 Battles of Vincovo & Malo-Yaraslovetz |
| 3 Retreat on Verreia |
| 4 Retreat on Smolensko |
| 5 Repeated Defeats & Sufferings of French |
| 6 Smolensko |
| 7 Krasnoi |
| 8 Passage of Beresina |
| 9 Smorgonie |
| 10 Napoleon quits Army |
| 11 his arrival at Warsaw |
| 12 his arrival at Dresden |
| 13 his arrival in Paris |
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32
| 1 Conspiracy of Mallet |
| 2 Napoleon's reception in Paris |
| 3 his Military Preparations |
| 4 Prussia declares War |
| 5 Austria negotiates with Napoleon |
| 6 Bernadette appears in Germany |
| 7 Russians advance into Silesia |
| 8 Napoleon heads his Army in Saxony |
| 9 Battle of Lutzen |
| 10 Battle of Bautzen. |
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33
| 1 Napoleon's Interview with Metternich |
| 2 Advice of his Ministers & Generals |
| 3 Intelligence from Spain |
| 4 Battle of Vittoria |
| 5 Congress of Prague Dissolved |
| 6 Austria declares War |
| 7 Battle of Dresden |
| 8 Death of Moreau |
| 9 Battle of Culm |
| 10 Surrender of Vandamme |
| 11 Battles of Grossbeeren, Wahlstadt, & Dennewitz |
| 12 Napoleon retires from Elbe |
| 13 Battle of Leipsig |
| 14 Battle of Hanau |
| 15 Allies on Rhine |
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34
| 1 Declaration of Allies at Frankfort |
| 2 Revolution of Holland |
| 3 Liberation of Pope & Ferdinand 7 |
| 4 Obstinacy of Napoleon |
| 5 His Military Preparations |
| 6 Dissolution of Legislative Senate |
|
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35
| 1 Campaign of France |
| 2 Battles of Brienne & La Rothiere |
| 3 Expedition of Marne |
| 4 Battles of Nangis & Montereau |
| 5 Schwartzenberg Retreats |
| 6 Napoleon again marches against Blucher |
| 7 Attacks Soissons & is Repulsed |
| 8 Battles of Craonne & Laon |
| 9 Napoleon at Rheims |
| 10 His Perplexities |
| 11 He Marches to St. Dizier |
|
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36
| 1 Allies approach Paris |
| 2 Maria Louisa retires to Blois |
| 3 Marmont & Mortier occupy Heights of Montmartre |
| 4 They are defeated |
| 5 King Joseph escapes |
| 6 Marmont capitulates |
| 7 Allies enter Paris |
| 8 Napoleon at Fontainebleau |
| 9 His abdication |
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37
| 1 Napoleon's Journey to Frejus |
| 2 Voyage to Elba |
| 3 conduct & occupations there |
| 4 Discontents in France |
| 5 Return of Prisoners of War |
| 6 Jealousy of Army |
| 7 Union of Jacobins & Buonapartists |
| 8 Their intrigues |
| 9 Napoleon escapes from Elba |
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38
| 1 Napoleon lands at Cannes |
| 2 his progress to Grenoble |
| 3 Lyons |
| 4 Fontainebleau |
| 5 Treason of Labedoyere & Ney |
| 6 Louis 18 retires to Ghent, & Napoleon arrives in Paris |
|
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39
| 1 100 Days |
| 2 Declaration of Congress at Vienna |
| 3 Napoleon prepares for War |
| 4 Capitulation of Duke d'Angouleme |
| 5 Insurrection of La Vendée |
| 6 Murat advances from Naples |
| 7 Is Defeated |
| 8 & takes refuge in France |
| 9 Champ-de-Mai |
| 10 Dissatisfaction of Constitutionalists |
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40
| 1 Napoleon heads his army on Belgian frontier |
| 2 Passes Sambre at Charleroi |
| 3 Defeats Blucher at Ligny |
| 4 Battle of Quatre-Bras |
| 5 English fall back on a position previously selected by Wellington |
| 6 Battle of Waterloo |
| 7 Napoleon returns to Paris |
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41
| 1 Napoleon appeals in vain to Chambers |
| 2 Abdicates for 2nd time |
| 3 Is sent to Malmaison |
| 4 & then to Rochefort |
| 5 Negotiates with Capt. Maitland |
| 6 Embarks in Bellerophon |
| 7 Arrives at Torbay |
| 8 Decision of English Government |
| 9 Interview with Lord Keith |
| 10 Napoleon on board Northumberland |
| 11 Sails for St. Helena |
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42
| 1 Napoleon at St. Helena |
| 2 Briars |
| 3 Longwood |
| 4 Charges against English Government respecting his accommodations & treatment at St. Helena |
| 5 Charges against Governor, Sir Hudson Lowe |
| 6 Napoleon's mode of life at Longwood |
| 7 His Health falls off |
| 8 His Death & Funeral. |
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20 1825 History of Expedition to Russia Undertaken by Emperor Napoleon in Year 1812 by comte de, Philippe-Paul Ségur 198,810W 795 13:15
1
1
1
| 1 Political relations of France & Russia since 1807 |
|
2
| 1 Prussia |
| 2 Frederick William |
|
3
| 1 Turkey |
| 2 Sultans Selim |
| 3 Mustapha |
| 4 Mahmoud |
|
|
|
|
2
1
| 1 Feelings of Napoleon's grandees at approaching contest |
| 2 their objections, with Napoleon's replies |
| 3 real motives which urged him to struggle |
|
2
| 1 Arguments against war by Dukes of Frioul & Vicenza & Count de Segur |
| 2 Napoleon's replies |
|
3
| 1 His manner of gaining proselytes to his opinions |
| 2 his avowals to his own family |
| 3 his discussions with Cardinal Fesch |
| 4 his declaration to Prince Kourakin |
|
4
| 1 Circumstances inclining him to delay contest |
| 2 his proposals to England & to Russia |
| 3 Russian ultimatum |
|
5
| 1 Preparations for commencement |
| 2 Talleyrand |
| 3 opinions of military |
| 4 Napoleon's ministers & generals |
| 5 fresh obstacles to his departure |
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|
3
1
| 1 Napoleon's departure from Paris |
| 2 dispositions of east of France |
| 3 Germans |
| 4 assemblage of sovereigns at Dresden |
|
2
| 1 Arrival in Poland |
| 2 complaints by inhabitants of disorders of his troops |
| 3 his ineffectual attempts to check them |
| 4 meeting with Davoust |
| 5 quarrel between that officer & Berthier |
| 6 unfavourable impression of Napoleon against former |
| 7 arrival at Königsberg |
|
3
| 1 March from Vistula to Niemen |
| 2 Napoleon's manners with soldiers |
| 3 positions of different corps |
| 4 dispositions of army |
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|
4
1
| 1 Addresses of Napoleon & Alexander to their respective armies |
| 2 Position of Russian forces |
| 3 Napoleon's plans in consequence |
| 4 Sketch of operations of his left & right wings during campaign |
|
2
| 1 Passage of Niemen |
| 2 Dreadful storm & its fatal effects |
| 3 Melancholy catastrophe |
| 4 Napoleon's arrival at Wilna |
| 5 Political arrangements |
|
3
| 1 Feelings of Lithuanians |
| 2 Napoleon's answer to address of Polish confederation |
| 3 Coolness of Lithuanians, & discussion of its causes |
|
4
| 1 Distress of army & its excesses |
| 2 Manner in which Napoleon was affected by them |
|
5
| 1 Arrival of Balachoff from Alexander |
| 2 Quarrel between Napoleon & Caulaincourt |
| 3 Progress of invading army to 10th of July |
|
6
| 1 Operations of King of Westphalia's & of Davoust's divisions |
| 2 Perilous situation & narrow escape of Bagration |
|
7
| 1 Napoleon's departure from Wilna |
| 2 Retreat of Russian army from Drissa to Witepsk |
| 3 Arrival of different French corps at Beszenkowiczi |
| 4 Different partial actions near Witepsk |
|
8
| 1 General engagement before Witepsk |
| 2 French attack ordered to cease in expectation of decisive battle on following day |
| 3 Retreat of Russians |
| 4 Napoleon's disappointment |
| 5 Position of his different corps |
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|
5
1
| 1 Napoleon's 1st plans for halting at Witepsk |
| 2 afterwards abandoned, & his determination to proceed to Smolensk |
|
2
| 1 Discussions with officers of his household |
| 2 their reasons for dissuading him from advancing further, & his replies |
| 3 Feelings of army in general |
|
3
| 1 Operations of Oudinot's corps against that of Wittgenstein |
| 2 partial successes on both sides |
| 3 Napoleon determines to change his line of operation |
|
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|
6
1
| 1 Manner in which this manœuvre was effected |
| 2 army crosses Boristhenes |
| 3 Character of Jewish & native population |
|
2
| 1 Surprise of Newerowskoi's corps beyond Krasnoë |
| 2 Bold retreat of that officer |
|
3
| 1 Movements of main Russian army |
| 2 Plans of Barclay |
| 3 his dissension with Bagration |
| 4 hastens to relief of Smolensk |
| 5 about to be surprised by Napoleon |
| 6 Unsuccessful attack of French on Smolensk |
|
4
| 1 Retreat of Russian army, & fresh disappointment of Napoleon |
| 2 Ineffectual attempts of Murat to dissuade his farther advance |
| 3 Capture of Smolensk |
|
5
| 1 Napoleon's reflections on conduct of Russians |
| 2 Intelligence of Regnier's victory over Tormasof |
| 3 Opinions of Emperor's principal officers as to impolicy of proceeding farther |
|
6
| 1 State of allied army |
| 2 its immense losses from various causes, independent of enemy |
| 3 Napoleon's professed intention to stop, but real determination to proceed |
|
7
| 1 Final evacuation of Smolensk by Russians after setting it on fire |
| 2 their army overtaken by Murat & Ney |
| 3 Death of General Gudin |
| 4 Battle of Valoutina |
| 5 Narrow escape of Russians in consequence of Junot's irresolution |
|
8
| 1 Results of battle |
| 2 Recompenses & rewards conferred by Napoleon |
| 3 Enthusiasm of army |
| 4 Melancholy state of wounded |
| 5 Animosity of Russian population |
|
9
| 1 Napoleon's plans of moving Russian peasantry to insurrection |
| 2 Conduct of their nobles to ward off danger |
| 3 Napoleon's hesitation as to plan he should pursue |
|
10
| 1 Saint Cyr's victory over Wittgenstein on 18th of August |
| 2 Dissension between Murat & Davoust |
| 3 Discord in Russian camp in consequence of Barclay's continued retreat |
| 4 Napoleon's advance to Dorogobouje |
|
|
|
7
1
| 1 Manner in which allied army was supplied on its march |
| 2 Details of organization of Davoust's corps |
|
2
| 1 Napoleon's bulletin & decrees at Slawkowo |
| 2 Fresh quarrels between Murat & Davoust |
| 3 Description of Russian mode of retreat & of Murat's method of pursuit |
|
3
| 1 Advance to Wiazma & to Gjatz |
| 2 Refusal of Davoust to obey Murat |
| 3 Full development of Russian plan of destroying their cities & towns
|
|
4
| 1 Clamours of Russians against Barclay |
| 2 Kutusof sent to supersede him |
| 3 Great merit of Barclay's plan of retreat |
|
5
| 1 Near prospect of battle |
| 2 Character of Kutusof |
| 3 Sanguinary & partial action on 4th of September |
| 4 Anecdote of Murat |
| 5 Napoleon's survey of ground |
|
6
| 1 Disposition of Russian army on field of Borodino |
| 2 Napoleon's plan of battle |
|
7
| 1 Plan proposed by Davoust rejected by Napoleon |
| 2 Feelings of French army |
| 3 Proclamation of Napoleon |
|
8
| 1 Preparations of Russians |
| 2 Feelings of their soldiery |
| 3 Napoleon's anxiety |
| 4 his indisposition on night before battle |
|
9
| 1 Battle of Borodino on 7th of September |
|
10
| 1 Results of battle |
| 2 immense loss on both sides |
| 3 faults committed by Napoleon |
| 4 how accounted for |
| 5 incompleteness of his victory |
|
11
| 1 Advance to, & skirmish before Mojaisk |
| 2 Gallantry of 50 voltigeurs of 33d |
| 3 Surprising order in Russian retreat |
| 4 Napoleon's distress |
|
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2
1
1
| 1 Emperor Alexander's arrival at Moscow after his retreat from Drissa |
| 2 Description of that city |
| 3 Sacrifices voted by nobility & merchants to meet threatened danger |
|
2
| 1 Alarm in consequence of advance of French army |
| 2 Determination of Governor, Count Rostopchin, & his preparations for destroying capital |
3 Evacuation of Moscow by principal part of inhabitants on 3d of September
|
|
3
| 1 State of that city just before & after battle of Borodino |
| 2 Governor's departure |
|
4
| 1 Napoleon advances to Moscow on 14th of September |
| 2 Feelings of army on approaching it |
| 3 Disappointment at finding it deserted |
|
5
| 1 Murat's entrance into city |
|
6
| 1 Napoleon's entrance into Kremlin |
| 2 Discovery of conflagration of city |
|
7
| 1 Danger which he ran in escaping through flames to Petrowsky |
| 2 Hesitation as to his future plans |
|
8
| 1 His return to Kremlin |
| 2 Description of camps outside city |
| 3 System of general plunder |
| 4 Reproaches made to army, & vindication of it |
|
9
| 1 Conduct of Kutusof after abandoning Moscow |
| 2 Rostopchin sets fire to his seat at Woronowo |
| 3 Partial actions at Czerikowo & Vinkowo |
| 4 Anxiety & uneasiness of Napoleon |
| 5 consultation with his chief officers |
| 6 Sends Lauriston to Emperor |
|
10
| 1 Conference of Lauriston with Kutusof |
| 2 Artful conduct of latter |
| 3 Armistice |
| 4 Infatuation of Murat |
| 5 Distress of French army |
| 6 Warnings of impending danger |
| 7 Napoleon's obstinacy in remaining |
|
11
| 1 Illusions by which he kept up his own & his army's hopes |
| 2 Count Daru's advice |
| 3 Rupture of armistice |
| 4 Incapacity of Berthier |
| 5 Disastrous engagement at Vinkowo |
| 6 Napoleon determines to leave Moscow |
|
|
|
2
1
| 1 Departure from Moscow |
| 2 Composition of army |
|
2
| 1 Battle of Malo-Yaroslawetz |
|
3
| 1 Distress of Emperor |
| 2 Danger which he ran from a sudden attack of Cossacks |
|
4
| 1 Field of Malo-Yaroslawetz |
| 2 Council held by Emperor |
| 3 Opinions of Murat, Bessières, & Davoust |
| 4 Napoleon determines to retreat |
|
5
| 1 Kutusof's similar determination to retreat from Malo-Yaroslawetz, ineffectually opposed by Sir Robert Wilson |
| 2 Napoleon's projected plan of retreat |
|
6
| 1 Mortier's proceedings at Moscow after departure of main army |
| 2 Blowing up of Kremlin |
| 3 Devastations committed by both armies |
| 4 Capture of General Winzingerode |
| 5 Napoleon's behaviour to him |
|
7
| 1 Arrival at Mojaisk |
| 2 Alarming news of Russian army |
| 3 View of field of Borodino |
|
8
| 1 Abandonment of wounded in Abbey of Kolotskoi |
| 2 Horrible conduct of suttlers |
| 3 Massacre of 2000 Russian prisoners |
| 4 Arrival at Gjatz
|
|
9
| 1 Napoleon's arrival at Wiazma |
| 2 Reproaches to Davoust for his tardy mode of retreat, & that officer's vindication |
| 3 Danger of latter & Eugene |
| 4 Arrival of Miloradowitch |
|
10
| 1 Battle between Eugene & Davoust & Miloradowitch, near Wiazma, on 3d November |
| 2 heavy loss of French |
|
11
| 1 Dreadful snow storm on 6th of November |
| 2 its effects upon troops |
|
12
| 1 Arrival of intelligence of Mallet's conspiracy |
| 2 impression produced by it upon Napoleon & his officers |
| 3 Message from Ney |
| 4 Perilous situation of that marshal |
|
13
| 1 Defeat & entire dissolution of Viceroy's corps at passage of Wop |
|
14
| 1 Arrival at Smolensk |
| 2 Dreadful sufferings of troops |
| 3 Bad arrangements of administrators |
| 4 Reasons assigned by latter in their vindication |
|
|
|
3
1
| 1 Wittgenstein's attack upon Saint Cyr at Polotsk |
| 2 Retreat of latter |
| 3 Want of concert in movements of Russian generals |
|
2
| 1 Junction of corps of Saint Cyr & Victor at Smoliantzy on 31st October |
| 2 Opportunity lost by latter of defeating enemy |
| 3 General view of state of army |
| 4 Errors committed by Napoleon & his commanders |
|
3
| 1 Napoleon's departure from Smolensk |
| 2 Dispositions of Russian army to interrupt his farther retreat |
| 3 Bravery of Excelmans |
| 4 Arrival at Krasnoë |
|
4
| 1 March of Eugene from Smolensk to Krasnoë with remains of his corps |
| 2 his narrow escape |
|
5
| 1 Successful nocturnal attack by Roguet on Russian camp at Chickowa |
| 2 Desperate situation of Napoleon |
| 3 Wilson's fruitless efforts to induce Kutusof to surround & destroy him |
| 4 Battle of Krasnoë |
| 5 Bravery of guard under Mortier |
|
6
| 1 Napoleon's arrival at Dombrowna |
| 2 Nocturnal false alarm |
| 3 General disorganization of army |
| 4 Davoust's ineffectual efforts to check it |
|
7
| 1 Council held at Orcha to determine farther course of retreat |
| 2 Opinion of Jomini |
| 3 Napoleon decides on Borizof |
| 4 Quits Orcha on 20th of November without hearing any thing of Ney |
| 5 Re-appearance of that Marshal after his departure |
|
8
| 1 Details of Ney's retreat from Smolensk until his arrival at Orcha |
|
|
|
4
1
| 1 Capture of Minsk by Russians |
| 2 Different opinions in army as to causes of their disasters |
| 3 Rumoured treachery of Schwartzenberg |
| 4 Napoleon's reproaches to him & Schwartzenberg's reply |
|
2
| 1 Details of loss of Minsk |
| 2 Movements of Dombrowski, Oudinot, & Victor |
| 3 Distress & malady of Napoleon |
| 4 Remarkable conversation with Count Daru |
|
3
| 1 Passage through Forest of Minsk |
| 2 Junction of remains of grand army with Victor & Oudinot's corps |
| 3 State of former |
|
4
| 1 Preparations for crossing Berezina |
| 2 Circumstances which led Russian general, Tchaplitz, into error as to point where Napoleon was to cross Berezina, & consequences of that error |
| 3 Napoleon crosses that river at Studzianka on 27th November |
|
5
| 1 Capture & destruction of Partouneaux's division |
|
6
| 1 Attack made by Russians under Wittgenstein & Platof on left side, & by Tchitchakof on right side of Berezina, & repelled by French |
|
7
| 1 burning of bridge over Berezina |
|
8
| 1 Napoleon's situation during preceding actions |
| 2 Passage over morasses |
| 3 His manners to his officers |
|
9
| 1 Napoleon's arrival at Malodeczno |
| 2 Announcement on 3d of December of his intention to set out for France |
|
10
| 1 Increased severity of winter |
| 2 Partial actions of Ney & Maison with Russians between Pleszezenitzy & Malodeczno |
| 3 Quarrel between Ney & Victor |
|
11
| 1 Napoleon's arrival at Smorgony |
| 2 his parting interview with his marshals |
|
|
|
5
1
| 1 Napoleon's journey from Smorgony to Paris |
| 2 Impression produced in army by his departure |
| 3 Dreadful effects of increased cold |
|
2
| 1 Picture of sufferings of army from cold & climate |
|
3
| 1 Arrival at Wilna |
| 2 Consternation of inhabitants |
| 3 Fatal effects of not distributing provisions collected among troops |
| 4 State of wounded in hospitals |
| 5 Arrival of Russians |
| 6 Flight of Murat |
| 7 Evacuation of Wilna |
| 8 Immense losses which that occasioned |
| 9 Disaster at Ponari |
|
4
| 1 Details of Ney's mode of retreat |
| 2 Losses occasioned to Russians by severity of winter |
| 3 Arrival at Kowno |
| 4 Ney's defence & evacuation of that place |
|
5
| 1 1st symptoms of Murat's defection |
| 2 Arrival at Königsberg |
|
6
| 1 Marshal Macdonald's retreat from Riga |
| 2 Details of defection of Prussian Army under Yorck |
|
7
| 1 Marshal Macdonald's retreat from Riga |
| 2 Details of defection of Prussian Army under Yorck |
|
8
| 1 Conduct of Schwartzenberg & defection of Austrians |
| 2 Atrocities committed on French prisoners at Wilna & Königsberg |
|
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|
6 DIRECTIONS FOR PLACING PLATES
|
2
| 1 Map of countries between Paris & Moscow |
|
|
4
| 1 Portrait of Murat, King of Naples |
|
5
| 1 Portrait of Emperor Alexander |
|
6
| 1 Conflagration of Moscow |
|
7
| 1 Portrait of Marshal Ney |
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21 1915 History of French Revolution from 1789 to 1814 by Mignet, M. (François-Auguste-Marie-Alexis) 163,044W 652 10:52
1 INTRODUCTION
1 Introduction
| 1 Character of French revolution |
| 2 Its results, its progress |
| 3 Successive forms of monarchy |
| 4 Louis 14 & 15 |
| 5 State of men's minds, of finances, of public power & public wants at accession of Louis 16 |
| 6 His character |
| 7 Maurepas, prime minister |
| 8 His policy |
| 9 Chooses popular & reforming ministers |
| 10 His object |
| 11 Turgot, Malesherbes, Necker |
| 12 Their plans |
| 13 Opposed by court & privileged classes |
| 14 Their failure |
| 15 Death of Maurepas |
| 16 Influence of Queen, Marie-Antoinette |
| 17 Popular ministers succeeded by court ministers |
| 18 Calonne & his system |
| 19 Brienne, his character & attempts |
| 20 Distressed state of finances |
| 21 Opposition of assembly of notables, of parliament, & provinces |
| 22 Dismissal of Brienne |
| 23 2nd administration of Necker |
| 24 Convocation of states-general |
| 25 Immediate causes of revolution |
|
|
1 1789 MAY 5 - AUGUST 4
| 1 Opening of states-general |
| 2 Opinion of court, of ministry, & of various bodies of kingdom respecting states |
| 3 Verification of powers |
| 4 Question of vote by order or by poll |
| 5 order of commons forms itself into a national assembly |
| 6 court causes Hall of states to be closed |
| 7 Oath of Tennis-court |
| 8 majority of order of clergy unites itself with commons |
| 9 Royal sitting of 23rd of June |
| 10 Its inutility |
| 11 Project of court |
| 12 Events of 12th, 13th, & 14th of July |
| 13 Dismissal of Necker |
| 14 Insurrection of Paris |
| 15 Formation of national guard |
| 16 Siege & taking of Bastille |
| 17 Consequences of 14th of July |
| 18 Decrees of night of 4th of August |
| 19 Character of revolution which had just been brought about. |
|
|
2 1789 AUGUST 4 - OCTOBER 5 & 6
| 1 State of constituent assembly |
| 2 Party of high clergy & nobility |
| 3 Maury & Cazales |
| 4 Party of ministry & 2 chambers: Mounier, Lally-Tollendal |
| 5 Popular party: triumvirate of Barnave, Duport, & Lameth |
| 6 Its position |
| 7 Influence of Sieyès |
| 8 Mirabeau chief of assembly at that period |
| 9 Opinion to be formed of Orleans party |
| 10 Constitutional labours |
| 11 Declaration of rights |
| 12 Permanency & unity of legislative body |
| 13 Royal sanction |
| 14 External agitation caused by it |
| 15 Project of court |
| 16 Banquet of gardes-du-corps |
| 17 Insurrection of 5th & 6th October |
| 18 king comes to reside at Paris |
|
|
3 1789 - 91 TO DEATH OF MIRABEAU
| 1 Results of events of October |
| 2 Alteration of provinces into departments |
| 3 Organization of administrative & municipal authorities according to system of popular sovereignty & election |
| 4 Finances: all means employed insufficient |
| 5 Property of clergy declared national |
| 6 sale of property of clergy leads to assignats |
| 7 Civil constitution of clergy |
| 8 Religious opposition of bishops |
| 9 Anniversary of 14th of July |
| 10 Abolition of titles |
| 11 Confederation of Champ de Mars |
| 12 New organization of army |
| 13 Opposition of officers |
| 14 Schism respecting civil constitution of clergy |
| 15 Clubs |
| 16 Death of Mirabeau |
| 17 During whole of this period separation of parties becomes more decided |
|
|
4 1791 APRIL - 30TH SEPTEMBER, END OF CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY
| 1 Political state of Europe before French revolution |
| 2 System of alliance observed by different states |
| 3 General coalition against revolution |
| 4 Motives of each power |
| 5 Conference of Mantua, & circular of Pavia |
| 6 Flight to Varennes |
| 7 Arrest of king |
| 8 His suspension |
| 9 republican party separate, for 1st time, from party of constitutional monarchy |
| 10 latter re-establishes king |
| 11 Declaration of Pilnitz |
| 12 king accepts constitution |
| 13 End of constituent assembly |
| 14 Opinion of it |
|
|
|
2 NATIONAL LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY
1 1791 - 2
| 1 Early relations between legislative assembly & king |
| 2 State of parties: Feuillants rely on middle classes, Girondists on people |
| 3 Emigration & dissentient clergy: decree against them: king's veto |
| 4 Declarations of war |
| 5 Girondist ministry: Dumouriez, Roland |
| 6 Declaration of war against king of Hungary & Bohemia |
| 7 Disasters of our armies: decree for a camp of reserve for 20K men at Paris: decree of banishment against nonjuring priests: veto of king: fall of Girondist ministry |
| 8 Petition of insurgents of 20th of June to secure passing of decrees & recall of ministers |
| 9 Last efforts of constitutional party |
| 10 Manifesto of duke of Brunswick |
| 11 Events of 10th of August |
| 12 Military insurrection of Lafayette against authors of events of 10th of August: it fails |
| 13 Division of assembly & new commune: Danton |
| 14 Invasion of Prussians |
| 15 Massacres of 2nd of September |
| 16 Campaign of Argonne |
| 17 Causes of events under legislative assembly |
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3 NATIONAL CONVENTION
1 1792 - 3 SEPTEMBER 20 - JANUARY 21
| 1 1st measures of Convention |
| 2 Its composition |
| 3 Rivalry of Gironde & Mountain |
| 4 Strength & views of 2 parties |
| 5 Robespierre: Girondists accuse him of aspiring to dictatorship |
| 6 Marat |
| 7 Fresh accusation of Robespierre by Louvet: Robespierre's defence: Convention passes to order of day |
| 8 Mountain, victorious in this struggle, demand trial of Louis 16 |
| 9 Opinions of parties on this subject |
| 10 Convention decides that Louis 16 shall be tried, & by itself |
| 11 Louis 16 at Temple: his replies before Convention: his defence: his condemnation: courage & serenity of his last moments |
| 12 What he was, & what he was not, as a king |
|
|
2 1793 JANUARY 21 - JUNE 2
| 1 Political & military situation of France |
| 2 England, Holland, Spain, Naples, & all circles of empire fall in with coalition |
| 3 Dumouriez, after having conquered Belgium, attempts expedition into Holland |
| 4 He wishes to re-establish constitutional monarchy |
| 5 Reverses of our armies |
| 6 Struggle between Gironde & Mountain |
| 7 Conspiracy of 10th of March |
| 8 Insurrection of La Vendée: its progress |
| 9 Defection of Dumouriez |
| 10 Gironde accused of being his accomplices |
| 11 New conspiracies against them |
| 12 Establishment of Commission of 12 to frustrate conspirators |
| 13 Insurrections of 27th & 31st May against Commission of 12: its suppression |
| 14 June 2 Insurrection of against 22 leading Girondists: their arrest |
| 15 Total defeat of that party |
|
|
3 1793 - 4
| 1 Insurrection of departments against 31st of May |
| 2 Protracted reverses on frontiers |
| 3 Progress of Vendéans |
| 4 1793 Montagnardsdecree constitution & immediately suspend it to maintain & strengthen revolutionary government |
| 5 Levée en masse: law against suspected persons |
| 6 Victories of Montagnards in interior, & frontiers |
| 7 Death of queen, of 22 Girondists, etc |
| 8 Committee of public safety: its power: its members |
| 9 Republican calendar |
| 10 conquerors of 31st of May separate |
| 11 ultra-revolutionary faction of commune, or Hébertists, abolish catholic religion, & establish worship of Reason: its struggle with committee of public safety: its defeat |
| 12 moderate faction of Montagnards, or Dantonists, wish to destroy revolutionary dictatorship, & to establish legal government: their fall |
| 13 committee of public safety remains alone, & triumphant. |
|
|
4 1794 DEATH OF DANTON - 9TH THERMIDOR
| 1 Increase of terror: its cause |
| 2 System of democrats: Saint-Just |
| 3 Robespierre's power |
| 4 Festival of Supreme Being |
| 5 Couthon presents law of 22nd Prairial, which reorganizes revolutionary tribunal: disturbances: debates: final obedience of convention |
| 6 active members of committee have a division |
| 7 Robespierre, Saint-Just, & Couthon on one side: Billaud-Varennes, Collot-d'Herbois, Barrère, & members of committee of general safety on other |
| 8 Conduct of Robespierre |
| 9 He absents himself from committee, & rests on Jacobins & commune |
| 10 On 8th of Thermidor he demands renewal of committees: motion is rejected |
| 11 Sitting of 9th Thermidor: Saint-Just denounces committees: is interrupted by Tallien: Billaud-Varennes violently attacks Robespierre: general indignation of convention against triumvirate: they are arrested |
| 12 commune rises & liberates prisoners |
| 13 Peril & courage of convention: it outlaws insurgents |
| 14 sections declare for convention |
| 15 Defeat & execution of Robespierre |
|
|
5 1795 9TH THERMIDOR TO 1ST PRAIRIAL, YEAR 3 RISE & FALL OF DEMOCRATIC PARTY
| 1 convention, after fall of Robespierre: party of committees: Thermidorian party: their constitution & object |
| 2 Decay of democratic party of committees |
| 3 Impeachment of Lebon & Carrier |
| 4 State of Paris |
| 5 Jacobins & Faubourgs declare for old committees: thejeunesse dorée, & sections for Thermidorians |
| 6 Impeachment of Billaud-Varennes, Collot-d'Herbois, Barrère, & Vadier |
| 7 Movement of Germinal |
| 8 Transportation of accused, & of a few of Mountain, their partisans |
| 9 Insurrection of 1st Prairial |
| 10 Defeat of democratic party: disarming of Faubourgs |
| 11 lower class is excluded from government, deprived of constitution of '93, & loses its material power. |
|
|
6 1795 1ST PRAIRIAL TO 4TH BRUMAIRE, YEAR 4, CLOSE OF CONVENTION
| 1 1793 - 4 Campaign |
| 2 Disposition of armies on hearing news of 9th Thermidor |
| 3 Conquest of Holland: position on Rhine |
| 4 Peace of Basel with Prussia |
| 5 Peace with Spain |
| 6 Descent upon Quiberon |
| 7 reaction ceases to be conventional, & becomes royalist |
| 8 Massacre of revolutionists, in south |
| 9 Directorial constitution of year 3 |
| 10 Decrees of Fructidor, which require re-election of 2/3 of convention |
| 11 Irritation of sectionary royalist party |
| 12 It becomes insurgent |
| 13 13th of Vendémiaire |
| 14 Appointment of councils & directory |
| 15 Close of convention: its duration & character |
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4 EXECUTIVE DIRECTORY
1 1795 - 7 INSTALLATION OF DIRECTORY - COUP-D'ÉTAT OF 18TH FRUCTIDOR, YEAR 5
| 1 Review of revolution |
| 2 Its 2nd character of reorganization: transition from public to private life |
| 3 5 directors: their labours for interior |
| 4 Pacification of La Vendée |
| 5 Conspiracy of Babeuf: final defeat of democratic party |
| 6 Plan of campaign against Austria: conquest of Italy by general Bonaparte: treaty of Campo-Formio: French republic is acknowledged, with its acquisitions, & its connection with Dutch, Lombard, & Ligurian republics, which prolonged its system in Europe |
| 7 Royalist elections in year 5: they alter position of republic |
| 8 New contest between counter-revolutionary party in councils, in club of Clichy, in salons, & conventional party, in directory, club of Salm, & army |
| 9 Coup d'état of 18th Fructidor: Vendémiaire party again defeated. |
|
|
|
4 EXECUTIVE DIRECTORY
2 1797 - 9 18TH FRUCTIDOR - 18TH BRUMAIRE, IN YEAR 8
| 1 By 18th Fructidor directory returns, with slight mitigation, to revolutionary government |
| 2 General peace, except with England |
| 3 Return of Bonaparte to Paris |
| 4 Expedition into Egypt |
| 5 Democratic elections for year 6 |
| 6 directory annuls them on 22nd Floréal |
| 7 Second coalition: Russia, Austria, & England attack republic through Italy, Switzerland, & Holland: general defeats |
| 8 Democratic elections for year 7: on 30th Prairial councils get upper hand, & disorganize old directory |
| 9 2 parties in new directory, & councils: moderate republican party under Sieyès, Roger-Ducos, & ancients: extreme republican party under Moulins, Golier, 500, & Society of Manège |
| 10 Various projects |
| 11 Victories of Masséna, in Switzerland: of Brune, in Holland |
| 12 Bonaparte returns from Egypt: comes to an understanding with Sieyès & his party |
| 13 18th & 19th Brumaire |
| 14 End of directorial system |
|
|
|
5 CONSULATE
1 1799 - 1804 18TH BRUMAIRE - DECEMBER 2
| 1 Hopes entertained by various parties, after 18th Brumaire |
| 2 Provisional government |
| 3 Constitution of Sieyès: distorted into consular constitution of year 8 |
| 4 Formation of government: pacific designs of Bonaparte |
| 5 Campaign of Italy: victory of Marengo |
| 6 General peace: on continent, by treaty of Lunéville with England: by treaty of Amiens |
| 7 Fusion of parties: internal prosperity of France |
| 8 Ambitious system of 1st Consul: re-establishes clergy in state, by Concordat of 1802: he creates military order of knighthood, by means of Legion of Honour: he completes this order of things by consulate for life |
| 9 Resumption of hostilities with England |
| 10 Conspiracy of Georges & Pichegru |
| 11 war & royalist attempts form a pretext for erection of empire |
| 12 1804 Napoleon Bonaparte appointed hereditary emperor: is crowned by pope on 2nd of December, in church of Notre Dame |
| 13 Successive abandonment of revolution |
| 14 Progress of absolute power during 4 years of consulate |
|
|
|
6 EMPIRE
1 1804 - 14 FROM ESTABLISHMENT OF EMPIRE
| 1 Character of empire |
| 2 Change of republics created by directory into kingdoms |
| 3 3rd coalition: capture of Vienna: victories of Ulm & Austerlitz: peace of Pressburg: erection of 2 kingdoms of Bavaria & Wurtemberg against Austria |
| 4 Confederation of Rhine |
| 5 Joseph Napoleon appointed king of Naples: Louis Napoleon, king of Holland |
| 6 4th coalition: battle of Jena: capture of Berlin: victories of Eylau & Friedland: peace of Tilsit: Prussian monarchy is reduced by one half: kingdoms of Saxony & Westphalia are instituted against it: that of Westphalia given to Jerome Napoleon |
| 7 grand empire rises with its secondary kingdoms, its confederation of Rhine, its Swiss mediation, its great fiefs: it is modelled on that of Charlemagne |
| 8 Blockade of continent |
| 9 Napoleon employs cessation of commerce to reduce England, as he had employed arms to subdue continent |
| 10 Invasion of Spain & Portugal: Joseph Napoleon appointed to throne of Spain: Murat replaces him on throne of Naples |
| 11 New order of events: national insurrection of peninsula: religious contest with pope |
| 12 Commercial opposition of Holland |
| 13 5th coalition |
| 14 Victory of Wagram: peace of Vienna: marriage of Napoleon with archduchess Marie Louise |
| 15 Failure of attempt at resistance: pope is dethroned: Holland is again united to empire, & war in Spain prosecuted with vigour |
| 16 Russia renounces continental system: campaign of 1812: capture of Moscow: disastrous retreat |
| 17 Reaction against power of Napoleon: campaign of 1813: general defection |
| 18 1814 Coalition of all Europe: exhaustion of France: marvellous campaign |
| 19 allied powers at Paris: abdication at Fontainbleau: character of Napoleon: his part in French revolution. |
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34 1850 Phantom World or, philosophy of spirits, apparitions, &c, &c. by Calmet, Augustin 199,011W 796 13:16 $4
1
| 1 Appearance of Good Angeîs proved by Books of New Testament 37 |
| 2 Appearance of Grood Angels proved by Books of New Testament 38 |
| 3 Under what form have Good Angels appeared? 41 |
| 4 Opinions of Jews, Christians, Mahometans, & Oriental Natk»is, concerning Apparitions of Good Angels 44 |
| 5 Opinion of Greeks & Romans on Apparitions of GoodGenii 47 |
| 6 Apparition of Bad Angels proved by Holy Scriptures Under what Form they have appeared 50 |
| 7 Of Magic 67 |
| 8 Objections to Reality of Magic |
| 9 Reply to Objections |
| 10 Examination of Affair of Hocque, Magician |
| 11 Magic of Egyptians & Chaldeans |
| 12 Magic among Greeks & Romans |
| 13 Examples which prove Reality of Magic |
| 14 Effects of Magic according to Poets |
| 15 Pagan Oracles |
| 16 Certainty of Event predicted, is not always a proof that Prediction comes from God |
| 17 Reasons whicli lead us to believe that greater part of Ancient Oracles were only Impositions of Priests & Priestesses, who feigned that they were inspired by God |
| 18 On Sorcerers & Sorceresses, or Witches |
| 19 Instances of Sorcerers & Witches being, as they said, transported to Sabbath 08 |
| 20 Story of Louis Gaufredi & Magdalen de la Palud, owned by themselves to be Sorcerer & Sorceress |
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| 21 Reasons which prove Possibility of Soicereia being transported to Sabbath |
| 22 Continuation of same Subject |
| 23 Obsession & Pofession of Devil |
| 24 Truth & Reality of Possession & Obsession by Devil proved from Scripture |
| 25 Examples of Real Possessions caused by Devil |
| 26 Continuation of same Subject |
| 27 Objections against Obsessions & Possessions of Demon Reply to Objections |
| 28 Continuation of Objections against Possessions, & some Replies to those Objections |
| 29 Of Familiar Spirits |
| 30 Some other Examples of Elves |
| 31 Spirits that keep Watch over Treasure |
| 32 Other instances of Hidden Treasures, which were guarded by Good or Bad Spirits |
| 33 Spectres which appear, & predict things unknown & to come |
| 34 Other Apparitions of Spectres |
| 35 Examination of Apparition of a pretended Spectre |
| 36 Of Spectres which haunt Houses |
| 37 Other Instances of Spectres which haunt certain Houses |
| 38 Prodigious effects of Imagination in those Men or Women who believe they hold Intercourse with Demon |
| 39 Return & Apparitions of Souls after Death of Body, proved from Scripture |
| 40 A pparitions of Spirits proved from History |
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| 41 JMore Instances of Apparitions |
| 42 Apparitions of Spirits who imprint their Hands on Clothes or on Wood |
| 43 Opinions of Jews, Greeks, & Latins, concerning Dead who are left unburied |
| 44 Examination of what is required or revealed to Living by Dead who return to Earth |
| 45 Apparitions of Men still alive, to other living Men, absent, & very distant from each other |
| 46 Arguments concerning Apparitions |
| 47 Objections against Apparitions, & Replies to those Objections |
| 48 Some other Objections & Replies |
| 49 Secrets of Physics & Chemistry taken for supernatural things |
| 50 Conclusion of Treatise on Apparitions |
| 51 Way of explaining Apparitions |
| 52 difficulty of explaining manner in which Apparitions make their appearance, whatever system may be proposed on subject |
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2 DISTRIBUTION OF GOASTS WHO RETUNK TO EARTH BODILY, EXCOMMUITICATED 241
| 1 Resurrection of a Dead Person is Work of God only |
| 2 Revival of Persons who were not really Dead |
| 3 Resurrection of a Man who had been buried Three Years, resuscitated by St. Stanislaus |
| 4 Can a Man really Dead appear in his own Body? |
| 5 Revival or Apparition of a Girl who had been Dead some Months |
| 6 A Woman taken Alive from her Tomb |
| 7 Revenans, or Vampires of Moravia |
| 8 Dead Persons in Hungary who suck Blood of Living |
| 9 Narrative of a Vampire from Jewish Letters, Letter 137 |
| 10 Other Instances of Revenans. Continuationof "Gleaner" |
| 11 Argument of Author of Jewish Letters, concerning Revenans |
| 12 Continuation of argument of Dutch Gleaner |
| 13 1693 - 4 Narrative from "Mercure Gallant" of Revenais |
| 14 Conjectures of Glaneur de Hollandais" |
| 15 Another Letter on Ghosts |
| 16 Pretended Vestiges of Vampirism in Antiquity |
| 17 Ghosts in Northern Countries |
| 18 Ghosts in England |
| 19 Ghosts in Peru |
| 20 Ghosts in Lapland |
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| 21 Return of a Man who had been Dead some Months |
| 22 Excommunicated Persons who went out of Churches |
| 23 Some Instances of Excommunicated being rejected or cast out of Consecrated Ground |
| 24 Instance of Excommunicated Martyr being cast out of Ground |
| 25 A Man cast out of Church for having refused to pay Tithes |
| 26 Instances of Persons who have given Signs of Life after their Death, & have withdrawn themselves respectfully to make room for more worthy Persons |
| 27 People who perform Pilgrimage after Death |
| 28 Reasoning upon Excommunicated who go out of Churches |
| 29 Do Excommunicated rot in Earth? |
| 30 Instances to show that Excommunicated do not rot, & that they appear to Living |
| 31 Instances of these Returns to Earth of Excommunicated |
| 32 A Vroucolacan exhumed in presence of M. do Touinefort |
| 33 Has Demon power to kill, & then to restore to Life? |
| 34 Examination of Opinion that Demon can restore Animation to a Dead Body |
| 35 Instances of Phantoms which have appeared to Living & given many Signs of Life |
| 36 Devoting People to Death, practised by Heathens |
| 37 Instances of dooming to Death among Christians |
| 38 Instances of Persons who have promised to give each other News of themselves from other World |
| 39 Extracts from Political Works of Abbé de St. Pierre |
| 40 Divers Systems to explain Ghosts |
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| 41 Divers Instances of Persons being Buried Alive |
| 42 Instances of Drowned Persons who have come back to Life & Health |
| 43 Instances of Women thought Dead who came to Life again |
| 44 Can these Instances be applied to Hungarian Revenans? |
| 45 Dead People who chew in their Graves & devour their own Flesh |
| 46 Singular Example of a Hungarian Revenant |
| 47 Argument on this matter |
| 48 Are Vampires or Revenans really Dead ? |
| 49 Instance of a Man named Curma being sent back to this World |
| 50 Instances of Persons who fall into Ecstatic Trances when they will, & remain senseless |
| 51 Application of such Instances to Vampires |
| 52 Examination of Opinion that Demon fascinates Eyes of those to whom Vampires appear |
| 53 Instances of Resuscitated Persons who relate what they saw in other World |
| 54 Traditions of Pagans on other Life, are derived from Hebrews & Egyptians |
| 55 Instances of Christians being Resuscitated & sent back to this World. Vision of Vetinus, Monk of Augia |
| 56 Vision of Bertholdas, related by Hincmar, Archbishop of Rheims |
| 57 Vision of St. Fursius |
| 58 Vision of a Protestant of York, & others |
| 59 Conclusion of this Dissertation |
| 60 Moral Impossibility that Ghosts can come out of their Tombs |
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| 61 What is related of Bodies of Excommunicated who walk out of Churches, is subject to very great Difficulties (in Belief & Explanation) |
| 62 Remarks on Dissertation, concerning Spirit which came to St Maur des Fossés |
| 63 1706 Dissertation of Anonymous Writer on what should be thought of Appearance of Spirit^, on Occasion of Adventure at St. Maur, 387 Letter of Marquis Maffei on Magic |
| 64 Letter of Reverend Father Dom Calmet, to M. Debnre. |
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37  1910 Outlines of a Philosophy of Religion based on Psychology & History by Sabatier, Auguste 76,366W 305 5:05
1 RELIGION
1 PSYCHOLOGICAL ORIGIN & NATURE OF RELIGION
| 1 First Critical Reflections |
| 2 Initial Contradiction of Psychological Consciousness |
| 3 Religion Prayer of Heart |
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2 RELIGION & REVELATION
| 1 Mystery of Religious Life |
| 2 Mythological Notion of Revelation |
| 3 Dogmatic Notion |
| 4 Psychological Notion |
| 5 Conclusion |
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3 MIRACLE & INSPIRATION
| 1 Notion of Miracle in Antiquity |
| 2 Miracle & Science: Miracle & Piety |
| 3 Religious Inspiration |
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4 RELIGIOUS DEVELOPMENT OF HUMANITY
| 1 Social Element in Religion |
| 2 Progress in Outward Forms of Religion |
| 3 Progress in Representation of Divine |
| 4 History of Prayer |
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2 CHRISTIANITY
1 HEBRAISM, OR ORIGINS OF GOSPEL
| 1 Prophetism |
| 2 Dawn of Gospel |
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2 ESSENCE OF CHRISTIANITY
| 1 Problem |
| 2 Christian Principle |
| 3 Gospel of Jesus |
| 4 A Necessary Distinction |
| 5 Corruptions of Christian Principle |
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3 GREAT HISTORICAL FORMS OF CHRISTIANITY
| 1 Evolution of Christian Principle |
| 2 Jewish or Messianic Christianity |
| 3 Catholic Christianity |
| 4 Protestant Christianity |
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3 DOGMA
1 WHAT IS A DOGMA?
| 1 Definition |
| 2 Genesis of Dogma |
| 3 Role & Religious Value of Dogma |
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2 LIFE OF DOGMAS & THEIR HISTORICAL EVOLUTION
| 13 Prejudices |
| 22 Elements in Dogma |
| 3 Crisis of Dogma |
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3 SCIENCE OF DOGMAS
| 1 Mixed Character of Science of Dogmas |
| 2 Science of Dogmas & Church |
| 3 Science of Dogmas & Philosophy |
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4 CRITICAL THEORY OF RELIGIOUS KNOWLEDGE
| 1 Antiquated Theories |
| 2 Kantian Theory of Knowledge |
| 3 Two Orders of Knowledge |
| 4 Subjectivity of Religious Knowledge |
| 5 Teleology |
| 6 Symbolism |
| 7 Conclusion |
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39 1914 Initiation into Philosophy by Faguet, Émile 42,485W 170 2:50 $1
1 ANTIQUITY
1 BEFORE SOCRATES
| 1 Philosophical Interpreters of Universe, of Creation & Constitution of World |
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2 SOPHISTS
| 1 Logicians & Professors of Logic, & Analysis of Ideas, & Discussion |
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3 SOCRATES
| 1 Philosophy Entirely Reduced to Morality, & Morality |
| 2 Considered as End of all Intellectual Activity |
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4 PLATO
| 1 Plato, like Socrates, Pre-eminently Moralist, but Reverts to General Consideration of Universe, & Deals with Politics & Legislation |
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5 ARISTOTLE
| 1 A Man of Encyclopaedic Learning: as Philosopher, more especially Moralist & Logician |
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6 VARIOUS SCHOOLS
| 1 Development in Various Schools of General |
| 2 Ideas of Socrates, Plato, & Aristotle |
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7 EPICUREANISM
| 1 Epicureanism Believes that Duty of Man is to seek Happiness, & Happiness Consists in Wisdom |
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8 STOICISM
| 1 Passions are Diseases which can & must be Extirpated |
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9 ECLECTICS & SCEPTICS
| 1 Philosophers who Wished to Belong to No School |
| 2 Philosophers who Decried All Schools & All Doctrines |
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10 NEOPLATONISM
| 1 Reversion to Metaphysics. Imaginative Metaphysicians after Manner of Plato, but in Excess |
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11 CHRISTIANITY
| 1 Philosophic Ideas which Christianity Welcomed, Adopted, or Created: How it must Give a Fresh Aspect to All Philosophy, even that Foreign to Itself |
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2 MIDDLE AGES
1 4 - 1200s
| 1 Philosophy is only an Interpreter of Dogma. |
| 2 Dogma by Authority of Religion, it is a Heresy. Orthodox & Heterodox |
| 3 Interpretations. Some Independent Philosophers |
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2 1200s
| 1 Influence of Aristotle. His Adoption by Church |
| 2 Religious Philosophy of St. Thomas Aquinas |
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3 13 - 1400s
| 1 Decadence of Scholasticism. Forebodings of Coming Era |
| 2 Great Moralists. Kabbala. Sorcery |
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4 1500s
| 1 It Is Fairly Accurate to Consider that from Point of View |
| 2 of Philosophy, Middle Ages Lasted until Descartes |
| 3 Free-thinkers More or Less Disguised |
| 4 Partisans of Reason Apart from Faith, of Observation, & of Experiment |
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3 MODERN TIMES
1 1600s
| 1 Descartes. Cartesianism |
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2 CARTESIANS
| 1 1600s under Influence of Descartes |
| 2 Port-Royal, Bossuet, Fénelon, Malebranche, Spinoza, Leibnitz |
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3 1600s ENGLISH PHILOSOPHERS
| 1 Locke: His Ideas on Human Liberty, Morality, |
| 2 General Politics, & Religious Politics |
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4 1700s ENGLISH PHILOSOPHERS
| 1 Berkeley: Highly Idealist Philosophy which Regarded Matter as Non-existent |
| 2 David Hume: Sceptical Philosophy |
| 3 Scottish School: Philosophy of Common Sense |
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5 1700s FRENCH PHILOSOPHERS
| 1 Voltaire a Disciple of Locke |
| 2 Rousseau a Free-thinking Christian, but deeply Imbued with Religious Sentiments |
| 3 Diderot a Capricious Materialist |
| 4 D'Holbach & Helvetius Avowed Materialists |
| 5 Condillac a Philosopher of Sensations |
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6 KANT
| 1 Kant Reconstructed all Philosophy by Supporting it on Morality |
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7 1800s GERMANY
| 1 Great Reconstructors of World |
| 2 Analogous to 1st Philosophers of Antiquity |
| 3 Great General Systems, Fichte, Schelling, Hegel, etc. |
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8 1700s ENGLAND
| 1 Doctrines of Evolution & Transformism: Lamarck (French), Darwin, Spencer |
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9 1800s FRANCE
| 1 Eclectic School: Victor Cousin |
| 2 Positivist School: Auguste Comte |
| 3 Kantist School: Renouvier |
| 4 Independent & Complex Positivists: Taine, Renan. |
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France 
History 17.
Biography 8.
1909 Introduction to Metaphysics by Henri Bergson /32px/Icon_International education global education.png){kind=icon}
1762 Emile 
1762 Social Contract 
1755 Discourse on Inequality 
Religion
Institutes of Christian Religion by John Calvin 
Against Heresies by Irenaeus 